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（第2版新增内容）W.福格尔（W.Vogel）在1906年出版的《诺曼人与法兰克帝国》（Die Normannen und das fränkische Reich）的第39页中主张，诺曼人在9世纪的战斗力强于法兰克人的主要原因“不在于个体更有勇气，而在于组织性强得多，而且法兰克军队正处于转型期，诺曼人的战术则更加完善”。正确理解的话，这句话的重点要落在“组织性”上。诺曼人有明晰的单位；而一个封建国家不容易集结大军，而且总是需要很长时间。这正是封建制度下“组织性”的关键。诺曼人“战术”优越是子虚乌有，福格尔口中法兰克军队“转型”也不会削弱战斗力，反而会强化战斗力。假如当时转型尚未完成，也就是说，法兰克人中间还遗存着全民皆兵的元素，那么对付诺曼人就要容易得多了。重点不在于法兰克军队“处于转型期”，而是转型已经完成了。
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战争艺术史 [:1700069551]
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战争艺术史 附录一 本卷会战年表
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战争艺术史 [:1700069552]
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战争艺术史 注释
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第一篇 查理曼及其继承者
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1 查理曼
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1.Lex Ripuaria（Ripuarian Law），36.11.M.G. LL.，5.231.
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2.A cow is equated to 1 solidus. The expression “3 solidi，” which we find in one of the manuscripts, is obviously false, since an ox is counted as 2 solidi and a mare as 3. In a capitulary of Louis the Pious of the year 829，a cow is indicated in one place as the equivalent of 2 solidi.
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3.（Note to the second edition）. The economic base of the Carolingian military organization is, as shown in Vol.Il, a barter economy. Alfons Dopsch, in his Economic Development of the Carolingian Period（Wirtschaftsentwicklung der Karolingerzeit），especially Vol. III, para.12，has recently claimed to prove that the generally accepted concept of this barter economy is incorrect and that there existed along with it a very considerable money economy. Consequently, he claims, the contrast between antiquity and the Middle Ages in this respect and in general is very overemphasized. I cannot agree with him. I find, on the contrary, the conclusions of my studies on the changes in military organization to be a new confirmation of the accepted concept. The transition from the Roman legionary to the medieval knight is not conceivable without the shift of the ancient money economy into a barter economy. See my review of Dopsch in the Deutsche Politik，26（1921）：620.“Römertum und Germanentum.”
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4.The plebs urband（urban dwellers）were not considered as completely free in the Merovingian period. Brunner, German Legal History（Deutsche Recbtsgeschicbte），1：253，says: “We cannot determine with certainty how the decrease in freedom was expressed in a legal sense.”There can be no doubt that it is a question of the difference between the worrior and the nonwarrior. That point is not clear in Brunner because he believes, like Roth, in a general military obligation. According to the capitulary M.G. Capitularia Reg. Franc.，ed. Boretius，1：145，the tenant farmers were counted among the unfree men.
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5.God. Kurth, in “The Nationalities in Auvergne”（“Les Nationalités en Auvergne”），Bulletin de la Classe des Lettres de l’Académie belgique，11（1899）: 769 and 4（1900）：224，proves with respect to Auvergne that no Franks at all settled there. In that region, even the great families holding the position of count were Romanics. Of almost all of the few Germans who appear in Auvergne, it can be proven that they did not settle there, except perhaps for a very few West Goths.
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6.Numerous references in Guilhiermoz, Essai sur l’origine de la noblesse francaise, p.490.
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7.Ancien Coutumier d’Anjou, Cited by Guilhiermoz, p.366.
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8.Nithard IV, Chap.2.
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9.Already explained by Boretius, Contributions to the Critique of the Capitularies（Beiträge zur Capitularienkritik），p.128，as a simple repetition from previous documents.