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6.Appian and Dio Cassius write of important defeats suffered, in turn, by these detached corps. These reports probably have to stem from Asinius Pollio, but if they were true, there would have had to be in some way or other more significant consequences. We must therefore prefer Caesar’s report; Pollio must have been taken in by the exaggerated accounts of persons who took part in those battles.
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7.Plutarch, Caesar, Chapter 43.
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8.That is the sense of Bell. Civ.84.2 and 85.1.
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9 法萨卢斯会战 无
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10 内战末期诸战役 无
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11 战 象
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1.Polybius 3.14.
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2.Livy 25.41.
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3.Sallust, Jugurtha, Chapter 53.
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4.According to the observation by Fröhlich in The Significance of the Second Punic War（Die Bedeutung des zweiten punischen Krieges），p.20.
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5.Valerius Maximus 9.3. Appian, Iberia, Chapter 46.
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6.Orosius 5.13. Florus 1.37.
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7.Schubert, in Pyrrhus, p.222，calls attention to the fact that in the account of Pyrrhus’campaign in Sicily, which goes back to Timaeus, hardly any mention is made of the elephants.
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8.J.Chr.D. Schreber, in The Mammals（Die Saugetiere）（Erlangen，1775），1：245，which is still today the authoritative work on descriptive zoology, strongly emphasizes this point and says that the elephant is even sensitive to the bite of a fly. In Volume 6 of the same work, by J.A. Wagner（1835），p.265，it is recounted how the javelins of hunters remain imbedded in the body and gradually kill the elephant. Baker, in The Albert Nyanza，1：284，tells how skilled hunters can kill an elephant directly by a stab with a spear from below.
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9.Appian, Iberia, Chapter 46.
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12 结论
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1.Frontinus，4.7.1. Similarly, Bell. Afric, Chapter 31.
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2.Vom Kriege, Book 7，Chapter 16.
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3.Suetonius, Chapter 88.
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4.Plutarch, Chapter 11.
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5.In the preface to his treatment of the Commentaries of Folard on Polybius，1755.
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6. The excellent bringing together of the three citations in the work of Adolf Bauer，“Thucydides’Views on the Conduct of War”（“Ansichten des Thucydides über Kriegführung”），Philologus 50：416.
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7.In the oration “Pro lege Manilla” in the year 66 B.C.
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