1700092077
1700092078
4.Mommsen, Hermes 24：258.
1700092079
1700092080
5.Justinian also sought to maintain the institution of the “border guards”（Grenzer），and he organized new ones in Africa. The edict covering this was even transcribed into the code and has come to us in that way. Mommsen, Hermes 24：200. But the salary that was allocated and promised to these men, in addition to the land given to them, could not be paid to them; there was too much demand elsewhere for liquid currency. Finally, Justinian seems to have deprived them of their character as soldiers as well as their pay. Procopius, hist.arc.24，as cited by Mommsen in Hermes 24：199. Others consider this as applying only to the east.
1700092081
1700092082
6.Taken from the translation by Coste in the History Writers of the Earliest German Period（Geschichtsschreiber der deutschen Vorzeit）.
1700092083
1700092084
7.Spartian, Chapter 10.
1700092085
1700092086
8.Vopiscus, Chapter 7.
1700092087
1700092088
9.Dahn, Procop von Cäsarea, p.395.
1700092089
1700092090
10.Procopius, bell. Pers.2.17；2.18.bell. Vand.2.14.
1700092091
1700092092
11.See Vol. I, p.67. Luschan，“On the Ancient Bow”（”Ueber den antiken Bogen”），Festschrift für Benndorf，1898. Jähns. Trutzwaffen: the entire very informative chapter on the bow, third phase. See also my Vol. III, Book 3. Chapter 8：“English Archery”（“Das englische Bogenschiessen”）. The same account appears again there.
1700092093
1700092094
12.Reproduced in Diehl, Justinien et la civilisation byzantine, p.209.
1700092095
1700092096
13.Köchly and Rüstow. Griechische Kriegsschriftsteller 2：2，201. It is from the anonymous document.
1700092097
1700092098
2 塔吉纳会战
1700092099
1700092100
1.According to the translation by Coste in the History Writers of the Earliest German Period（Geschichtsschreiber der deutschen Vorzeit）.
1700092101
1700092102
Nissen claims that the name reads not “Taginae” but “Tadinae.”
1700092103
1700092104
3 维苏威火山会战 无
1700092105
1700092106
4 卡西林努斯河会战 无
1700092107
1700092108
5 战略
1700092109
1700092110
1.Dahn, Procop von Cäsarea, p.412.
1700092111
1700092112
2.Köchly and Rüstow, Griechische Kriegsschriftsteller 2：2，167. Chapter XXXIV, p.4.
1700092113
1700092114
3.Jähns, Geschichte der Kriegswissenschaften 1：155. See vol. IV, pp.194，207.
1700092115
1700092116
第四篇 向中世纪过渡
1700092117
1700092118
1 古罗马-日耳曼国家的军事组织
1700092119
1700092120
1.Although the law of Valentinian I is contained in the Codex Theodosianus 4.14，Heinrich Richter has sought to interpret away this content in his work, Das weströmische Reich, p.681.Note 150. But his interpretation, considering among the barbara conjux（barbarian wife）and the gentiles（foreigners）only barbarians outside the border of the Roman Empire, is juridically untenable. That Valentinian himself gave Merobaudes a Roman as his wife, and Theodosius gave Fravitta the Goth and the Vandal Stilicho his own nieces were exceptions such as the most powerful people sometimes make for themselves.
1700092121
1700092122
2.According to Zeumer，“History of the West Gothic Laws”（“Geschichte der westgotischen Gesetzgebung”），in the Neues Archiv für ältere deutsche Geschichtskunde 24：574，Leovigild（569-586）legally permitted the connubium（intermarriage）between Goths and Romans; but he says that, in fact, the prohibition had already been violated and disregarded many times previously.
1700092123
1700092124
3.Mommsen, Ostgotische Studien 497：“As only the Goth can be a soldier in Theodoric’s state, so too can he alone be an officer. The exclusion of Romans from the military offices counterbalances the exclusion of the Goths from positions as civil magistrates.”
1700092125
1700092126
4.Procopius, bell. Goth.1.2.
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.700092077e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]