1700140213
1700140214
[40]John Guilmartin,Gunpowder and Galleys
:Changing Technology and Warfare at Sea in the Sixteenth Century,Cambridge
:Cambridge University Press,1974.
1700140215
1700140216
[41]G.C.Picard and C.Picard,The Life and Death of Carthage,pp.215-254.
1700140217
1700140218
[42]Pitassi,The Navies of Rome,pp.90-94.
1700140219
1700140220
[43]G.C.Picard,C.Picard and The Life and Death of Carthage,pp.256-263;Harris,War and Imperialism,pp.138-139.
1700140221
1700140222
[44]Livy,The Histories,trans.E.S.Shuckburgh,London
:Macmillan,1889,bk XIV,30.43.
1700140223
1700140224
[45]这种恐惧推动了19世纪90年代英国海军至上主义的复兴。
1700140225
1700140226
[46]G.C.Picard and C.Picard,The Life and Death of Carthage,pp.274-277.
1700140227
1700140228
[47]Oswald Spengler,The Decline of the West,Vol.II,London
:Allen and Unwin,1926,pp.422,191.
1700140229
1700140230
[48]尽管迦太基最初是依靠天然的锚地和适宜的海滩来把船只拖上岸，但在公元前6世纪，迦太基已经建造了港口：Fantar,Carthage,pp.41-45.
1700140231
1700140232
[49]Fantar,Carthage,pp.87-88.
1700140233
1700140234
[50]阿庇安写作的时代距离迦太基被毁已经有三个世纪了。——译者注
1700140235
1700140236
[51]H.Gerding,‘Carthage’,in D.Blackman and B.Rankov,eds.,Shipsheds of the Ancient Mediterranean,Cambridge
:Cambridge University Press,2013,pp.307-319 at P.307.
1700140237
1700140238
[52]D.Blackman and B.Rankov,‘Conclusions
:Not Just Ship Garages’,in idem,Shipsheds of the Ancient Mediterranean,pp.255,259.
1700140239
1700140240
[53]Gerding,‘Carthage’,p.315.
1700140241
1700140242
[54]B.Rankov,‘Roman Shipsheds’,in D.Blackman and B.Rankov,eds.,Shipsheds of the Ancient Mediterranean,pp.30-54.
1700140243
1700140244
[55]Harris,War and Imperialism,pp.233-234.
1700140245
1700140246
[56]Harris,War and Imperialism,pp.240-244,252-254.
1700140247
1700140248
[57]Miles,Carthage Must Be Destroyed,p.336.
1700140249
1700140250
[58]G.C.Picard and C.Picard,The Life and Death of Carthage,pp.288-289.
1700140251
1700140252
[59]A.J.Toynbee,Hannibal’s Legacy
:The Hannibalic War’s Ef ects on Roman Life,London
:Oxford University Press.1965.
1700140253
1700140254
[60]G.C.Picard and C.Picard,The Life and Death of Carthage,pp.287-288.
1700140255
1700140256
[61]Harris,War and Imperialism,pp.237-239.For the eight-mile issue see p.239 fn.4.
1700140257
1700140258
[62]Plato,The Laws,704b-705b.
1700140259
1700140260
[63]Harris,War and Imperialism,p.240.
1700140261
1700140262
[64]G.C.Picard and C.Picard,The Life and Death of Carthage,pp.290-291.
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