打字猴:1.70014173e+09
1700141730 [9]对海军力量在彼得战略中所起作用的深刻评价,请参见W.C.Fuller,Strategy and Power in Russia 1600–1914,New York:Free Press,1992,pp.69-71.
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1700141732 [10]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.3,17-18.
1700141733
1700141734 [11]1711年7月,第三次俄土战争期间,彼得大帝率领的俄军在普鲁特河附近被土耳其和鞑靼联军包围,俄军粮草不足,陷入困境,为避免被俘,彼得只好放弃了在此前的战争中从土耳其人手里夺取的土地。——译者注
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1700141736 [12]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.27-28,49,82.
1700141737
1700141738 [13]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,p.29.
1700141739
1700141740 [14]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.31-32;C.A.G.Bridge,ed.,‘Introduction’ to History of the Russian Fleet during the Reign of Peter the Great,London:Navy Records Society,1899,pp.xxi-xxii.
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1700141742 [15]J.Ceacraft,The Petrine Revolution in Architecture,Chicago,IL:University of Chicago Press,1988,pp.150,173,179,181.该地点平均每年爆发一次洪灾。
1700141743
1700141744 [16]Billington,The Icon and the Axe,pp.181-183.
1700141745
1700141746 [17]J.Ceacraft,The Petrine Revolution in Architecture,pp.119-121.
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1700141748 [18]Arcadius Kahan,The Plow,the Hammer and the Knout:An Economic History of Eighteenth-Century Russia,Chicago,IL:University of Chicago Press,1985,pp.87-88.
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1700141750 [19]Ceacraft,The Petrine Revolution in Architecture,pp.208,217,220,232.
1700141751
1700141752 [20]Ceacraft,The Petrine Revolution in Architecture,pp.87-88;K.Zinovieff,J.Hughes,Guide to St.Petersburg,Woodbridge:Boydell & Brewer,2003,pp.67-86.
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1700141754 [21]Kahan,The Plow,the Hammer and the Knout,pp.86-88.
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1700141756 [22]Cracraft,The Petrine Revolution in Russian Culture,pp.90-91.
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1700141758 [23]Cracraft,The Petrine Revolution in Russian Culture,pp.132-138,151-153,155,196.这句话是在1710年时说的。
1700141759
1700141760 [24]A.Cross,By the Banks of the Neva:Chapters from the Lives and Careers of the British in Eighteenth Century Russia,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1999,p.333,citing F.C.Weber,The Present State of Russia:Volume 1,London,1723,p.4.
1700141761
1700141762 [25]Ceacraft,The Petrine Revolution in Architecture,pp.228-229;J.Tredrea,E.Sozaev,Russian Warships in the Age of Sail,1696–1860:Design,Construction,and Fates,Barnsley:Seaforth,2010,p.115.对这艘船以及当时所有俄罗斯军舰短促的生命做了介绍。
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1700141764 [26]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.41-42.
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1700141766 [27]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.83-86.
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1700141768 [28]Tredrea,Sozaev,Russian Warships in the Age of Sail,1696–1860,pp.110-111.虽然沙皇参与了这些船的设计,但建造它们的是英国人。
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1700141770 [29]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,p.87.
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1700141772 [30]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.82,87-88,plate 19;G.Kaganov,‘As in the Ship of Peter’,Slavic Review,no.50(1991),pp.754-767.
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1700141774 [31]Bridge,ed.,History of the Russian Fleet,pp.84-89,102-105;Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,pp.83-85.
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1700141776 [32]Hughes,Russia in the Age of Peter the Great,p.89.
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1700141778 [33]Fuller,Strategy and Power in Russia,pp.69-71.
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