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[19]King Charles II visiting the fl eet in the Thames Estuary,5 June 1672.R.Daalder,Van de Velde and Son
:Marine Painters,p.145,图位于第154页。
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[20]Sir Richard Edgecumbe
:R.Daalder,Van de Velde and Son
:Marine Painters,p.163.这一趋势可以从海军上将爱德华·拉塞尔爵士(Sir Edward Russell)向小范·德·维尔德,以及海军上将乔治·宾爵士(Sir George Byng)向彼得·莫纳米(Peter Monamy)大量订购画作中看出来。
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[21]Daalder,Van de Velde and Son
:Marine Painters,pp.142-143.
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[22]那不勒斯人安东尼奥·贝利奥利用巴洛克风格中丰富的寓言式古典主义来强调君主的国际地位。C.Brett,‘Antonio Verrio(c.1636–1707)
:His career and surviving work’,The British Art Journal,vol.10,no.3,(Winter/Spring 2009-2010),pp.4-17.查理没付《查理二世的海上凯旋》的工钱:詹姆斯二世替他付了,在1688年时。
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[23]P.Crowhurst,The Defence of British Trade 1689–1815,Folkestone
:Dawson,1977,ch.2:‘The Organisation of Convoys and their Departure’,pp.43-80.
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[24]Brandon,War,Capital,and the Dutch State.p.35.
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[25]小范·德·维尔德曾为爱德华·拉塞尔海军上将——也就是后来的奥福德伯爵(Lord Orford)、同盟舰队司令、1688年革命的领导者之一——作过画,画了他的旗舰、他在拉乌格取得的胜利以及其他一些能表明拉塞尔之荣耀的场面。他的住宅里仍保存着这些画当中的5幅:Daalder,Van de Velde and Son
:Marine Painters,p.170-175.
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[26]Mahan,The Infl uence of Sea Power upon History,p.225.
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[27]C.E.Levillain,‘William III′s Military and Political Career in Neo-Roman Context,1672–1702’,The Historical Journal,vol.48(2005)pp.321-350 at pp.337-339.
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[28]P.O’Brien,‘Fiscal Exceptionalism
:Great Britain and its European rivals from Civil War to triumph at Trafalgar and Waterloo’ in D.Winch and P.O’ Brien,eds.,Oxford
:Oxford University Press,2002,p.250;J.Brewer,The Sinews of Power
:War,Money,and the English state,1688-1783,Cambridge,MA
:Harvard University Press,p.90.
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[29]Baxter,William III and the Defense of European Liberty 1650–1702,pp.367-388.
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[30]贝利奥在伯利为埃克塞特伯爵(Earl of Exeter)设计的“天堂之屋”是他的代表作。J.Musson,‘Laughing with the Gods
:The Heaven Room at Burghley’,Country Life (5 July 2017),pp.80-84;Daalder,Van de Velde and Son
:Marine Painters,p.166.
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[31]B.Ford,ed.,The Cambridge Cultural History of Britain
:Seventeenth-Century Britain,Cambridge
:Cambridge University Press,1989.该书既没有提到贝利奥和他的作画特点,也没有提到范·德·维尔德父子。S.Thurley,Hampton Court
:A Social and Architectural History,New Haven,CT,and London
:Yale University Press.1992.
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[32]J.Bold,Greenwich
:An Architectural History of the Royal Hospital for Seamen and the Queen’s House,New Haven,CT,and London
:Yale University Press,2000,pp.95-104,145.
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[33]英国海洋艺术家、出身于海峡群岛的彼得·莫纳米绘制了乔治到来的场景
:F.B.Cockett,Peter Monamy 1681–1749 and his Circle,Woodbridge
:Antique Collectors Club,2000,pp.52-53,55.
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[34]Bold,Greenwich,pp.132-172.
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[35]Lord Bolingbroke,Letters on the Use and Study of History,Letter V.
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[36]I.Krammick,Bolingbroke and his Circle
:The Politics of Nostalgia in the Age of Walpole,Cambridge,MA
:Cambridge University Press,1968,pp.34-36.
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[37]B.Simms,Three Victories and a Defeat
:The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire,1714–1783,London
:Penguin,2007,pp.204-207.西姆斯把欧洲当成英国作为一个帝国崛起的关键,这一主张是有根据的,但他把英国对欧洲那种基本上是消极的意图和它对除此之外的世界那种异常积极的态度混为一谈,低估了伦敦金融城、东印度公司和其他商业利益对国家政策的影响。
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[38]索福尼斯巴在第二次布匿战争最后阶段的危机中被嫁给了年长的努米底亚国王(索福尼斯巴原本被许配给了努米底亚王子马西尼萨,但在第二次布匿战争的最后阶段,为了使努米底亚国王西法克斯不倒向罗马,迦太基人把她嫁给了西法克斯。马西尼萨大怒,遂与大西庇阿结盟,打败了西法克斯与迦太基的联军,为了替祖国拉拢马西尼萨,索福尼斯巴又主动嫁给了马西尼萨。但她的计谋被西庇阿识破,西庇阿让马西尼萨交出她。马西尼萨不忍索福尼斯巴被罗马人杀死,于是送毒酒给她,索福尼斯巴从容服毒自尽。——译者注)。Miles,Carthage Must Be Destroyed,p.309.
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[39]D.Armitage,The Ideological Origins of the British Empire,Cambridge
:Cambridge University Press,2000.p.173.1945年,路易斯·蒙巴顿伯爵(Lord Louis Mountbatten)在新加坡接受日本投降时曾演奏了《统治吧,不列颠尼亚》。A.Jackson,The British Empire and the Second World War,London
:Continuum,2008,p.459.
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[41]P.Rahe,Montesquieu and the Logic of Liberty
:War,Religion,Commerce,Climate,Terrain,Technology,Uneasiness of Mind,the Spirit of Political Vigilance,and the Foundations of the Modern Republic,New Haven,CT,and London
:Yale University Press,2009,pp.3-61,esp.p.59.雷利是头一个把这两者联系起来的人,他在《世界史》(1614年)第二册中写道:“在罗马人和迦太基人的战争中海权所具有的重要性可以从英格兰和西班牙之间的斗争中看出来。”
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[42]Mahan,The Infl uence of Sea Power upon History,pp.25-89.19世纪的法国理论家也令马汉受益匪浅,特别是泽维尔·雷蒙德(Xavier Raymond)。
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[43]Simms,Three Victories and a Defeat,pp.469-473;J.Marsden,ed.,The Wisdom of George Ⅲ,London
:Royal Household,2004;A.Russett,Dominic Serres R.A.1719–1793,Woodbridge
:Antique Collector`s Club,2001.
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