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[1] S lagboom, P. E., Droog, S. and Boomsma, D. I. (1994). Genetic determination of telomere size in humans: a twin study of three age groups. American Journal of Human Genetics 55: 876-82.
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[2] L ingner, J., Hughes, T. R., Shevchenko, A., Mann, M., Lundblad, V. and Cech, T. R. (1997). Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Science 276: 561-7.
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[3] C lark, M. S. and Wall, W. J. (1996). Chromosomes: the complex code.Chapman and Hall, London.
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[4] H arrington, L., McPhail, T., Mar, V., Zhou, W., Oulton, R., Bass, M.B., Aruda, I. and Robinson, M. O. (1997). A mammalian telomeraseassociated protein. Science 275: 973-7; Saito, T., Matsuda, Y., Suzuki, T.,Hayashi, A., Yuan, X., Saito, M., Nakayama, J., Hon, T. and Ishikawa, F.(1997). C omparative gene-mapping of the human and mouse TEP1 genes, which encode one protein component of telomerases. Genomics 46: 46-50.
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[5] B odnar, A. G. et al. (1998). Extension of life-span by introduction of telomerase into normal human cells. Science 279: 349-52.
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[6] N iida, H., Matsumoto, T., Satoh, H, Shiwa, M., Tokutake, Y., Furuichi, Y.and Shinkai, Y. (1998). Severe growth defect in mouse cells lacking the telomerase RNA component. Nature Genetics 19: 203-6.
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[7] C hang, E. and Harley, C. B. (1995). Telomere length and replicative aging in human vascular tissues. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 92: 11190-94.
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[8] A ustad, S. (1997). Why we age. John Wiley, New York.
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[9] S lagboom, P. E., Droog, S. and Boomsma, D. I. (1994). Genetic determination of telomere size in humans: a twin study of three age groups. American Journal of Human Genetics 55: 876-82.
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[10] Ivanova, R. et al. (1998). HLA-DR alleles display sex-dependent effects on survival and discriminate between individual and familial longevity.Human Molecular Genetics 7: 187-94.
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[11] T he figure of 7,000 genes is given by George Martin, quoted in Austad,S. (1997). Why we age. John Wiley, New York.
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[12] Feng, J. et al. (1995). The RNA component of human telomerase.Science 269: 1236-41.
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15号染色体
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沃尔夫·赖克（Wolf Reik）和阿齐姆·苏拉尼（Azim Surani）的《基因组印记》（牛津大学出版社，1997）是个不错的基因组印记论文集。很多书都探讨了性别差异，包括我自己的《红色皇后》（维京出版社，1993）。
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[1] H olm, V. et al. (1993). Prader-Willi syndrome: consensus diagnostic criteria. Pediatrics 91: 398-401.
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[2] A ngelman, H. (1965). ‘Puppet’ children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 7: 681-8.
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[3] M cGrath, J. and Solter, D. (1984). Completion of mouse embryogenesis requires both the maternal and paternal genomes. Cell 37: 179-83;Barton, S. C, Surami, M. A. H. and Norris, M. L. (1984). Role of paternal and maternal genomes in mouse development. Nature 311: 374-6.
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[4] H aig, D. and Westoby, M. (1989). Parent-specific gene expression and the triploid endosperm. American Naturalist 134: 147-55.
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[5] H aig, D. and Graham, C. (1991). Genomic imprinting and the strange case of the insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Cell 64: 1045-6.
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[6] D awson, W. (1965). Fertility and size inheritance in a Peromyscus species cross. Evolution 19: 44-55; Mestel, R. (1998). The genetic battle of the sexes. Natural History 107: 44-9.
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[7] H urst, L. D. and McVean, G. T. (1997). Growth effects of uniparental disomies and the conflict theory of genomic imprinting. Trends in Genetics 13: 436-43; Hurst, L. D. (1997). Evolutionary theories of genomic imprinting. In Reik, W. and Surani, A. (eds), Genomic imprinting, pp. 211-37. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
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[8] H orsthemke, B. (1997). Imprinting in the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region on human chromosome 15. In Reik, W. and Surani, A.(eds), Genomic imprinting, pp. 177-90. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
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[9] Reik, W. and Constancia, M. (1997). Making sense or antisense? Nature 389: 669-71.
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[10] M cGrath, J. and Solter, D. (1984). Completion of mouse embryogenesis requires both the maternal and paternal genomes. Cell 37: 179-83.
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[11] Jaenisch, R. (1997). DNA methylation and imprinting: why bother?Trends in Genetics 13: 323-9.
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