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7. C. Stanford, J. S. Allen, and S. C. Antón, Biological Anthropology: The Natural History of Humankind, 2nd ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2009).
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8. S. Freidberg, Fresh: A Perishable History (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2009).
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9. Ibid.
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10. J. Steingarten, The Man Who Ate Everything (New York: Vintage Books, 1997), 177.
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11. A. J. Marshall and R. W. Wrangham, “Evolutionary Consequences of Fallback Foods,” International Journal of Primatology 28 (2007): 1219–1235.
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12. J. E. Lambert, “Seasonality, Fallback Strategies, and Natural Selection: A Chimpanzee and Cercopithecoid Model for Interpreting the Evolution of the Hominin Diet,” in Evolution of the Human Diet: The Known, the Unknown, and the Unknowable, ed. P. S. Ungar, 324–343 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007).
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13. H. McGee, On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen (New York: Scribner, 2004), 778.
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14. S. W. Mintz, Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern His tory (New York: Penguin, 1985).
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15. McGee, On Food and Cooking, 14; S. Kawamura, “Seventy Years of the Maillard Reaction,” in The Maillard Reactions in Foods and Nutrition, ACS Symposium Series, vol. 215, ed. G. R. Waller and M. S. Feather, 3–18(Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1983).
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16. McGee, On Food and Cooking, 304.
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17. R. Wrangham, Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human (New York: Basic Books, 2009).
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18. Stanford, Allen, and Antón, Biological Anthropology, 8; J. S. Allen, The Lives of the Brain: Human Evolution and the Organ of Mind (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009).
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19. L. Aiello and C. Dean, An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anat omy (San Diego: Academic Press, 1990).
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20. Ibid.; J. Nolte, The Human Brain: An Introduction to Its Functional Anatomy, 5th ed. (St. Louis: Mosby, 2002); J. S. Allen, The Lives of the Brain: Human Evolution and the Organ of Mind.
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21. A. Damasio, The Feeling of What Happens (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1999).
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22. J. P. Lund et al., “Brainstem Mechanisms Underlying Feeding Behavior,” Current Opinion in Neurobiology 8 (1998): 718–724; J. P. Lund and A. Kolta, “Brainstem Circuits That Control Mastication: Do They Have Anything to Say during Speech?” Journal of Communication Disorders 39(2006): 381–390.
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23. M. Onozuka et al., “Mapping Brain Region Activity during Chewing: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study,” Journal of Dental Research 81 (2002): 743–746; T. Tamura et al., “Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Human Jaw Movements,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 30(2003): 614–622.
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24. T. Takada and T. Miyamoto, “A Fronto-Parietal Network for Chewing Gum: A Study on Human Subjects with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,” Neuroscience Letters 360 (2004): 137.
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25. Nolte, The Human Brain.
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26. B. Pfleiderer et al., “Visualization of Auditory Habituation by fMRI,” NeuroImage 17 (2002): 1705–1710.
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27. N. Osaka, “Walk- Related Mimic Word Activates the Extrastriate Visual Cortex in the Human Brain: An fMRI Study,” Behavioural Brain Research 198 (2009): 186–189; N. Osaka et al., “A Word Expressing Affective Pain Activates the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Human Brain: An fMRI Study,” Behavioural Brain Research 153 (2004): 123–127.
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28. L. Bidel, P. Jackson, and P. Rainville, “Brain Responses to Facial Expressions of Pain: Emotional or Motor Mirroring?” NeuroImage 53 (2010): 355–363.
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29. J. Munzert, B. Lorey, and K. Zentgraf, “Cognitive Motor Pro cesses: The Role of Motor Imagery in the Study of Motor Repre sen ta tions,” Brain Research Reviews 60 (2009): 306–326.
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第二章 双足、大头、小脸的超级杂食猿类
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1. C. Stanford, J. S. Allen, and S. C. Antón, Biological Anthropology: The Natural History of Humankind, 2nd ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: PrenticeHall, 2009).
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