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(12) Lawrence Mishel, Elise Gould, Josh Bivens, “Wage Stagnation in Nine Charts”,Economic Policy Institute, January 6, 2015, http://www.epi.org/publication/charting-wagestagnation/.
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(13) 克莱尔·凯恩·米勒（Claire Cain Miller）：《机器人越来越聪明，工人们赶得上么？》，The Upshot, New York Times ，2014年12月15日，http://note.youdao.com/zx/archives/1919，https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/16/upshot/as-robots-grow-smarter-americanworkers-struggle-to-keep-up.html。
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(14) 同注(1)。
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(15) Dana Olsen, “A Record-Setting Year: 2017 VC Activity in 3 Charts”, Pitchbook, December 15, 2017, https://pitchbook.com/news/articles/a-record-setting-year-2017-vc-activity-in-3-charts.
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(16) “Top AI Trends to Watch in 2018”, CB Insights, February 2018, https://www.cbinsights.com/research/report/artificial-intelligence-trends-2018/.
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(17) Carl Benedikt Frey, Michael A. Osborne, “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Automation”, Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Employment ,September 17, 2013, https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/future-of-employment.pdf.
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(18) Melanie Arntz, Terry Gregory, Ulrich Zierahn, “The Risk of Automation for Jobs in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis”, OECD Social, Employment, and Migration Working Papers, no. 189,（2016-05-14）, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jlz9h56dvq7-en.
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(19) Richard Berriman, John Hawksworth, “Will Robots Steal Our Jobs? The Potential Impact of Automation on the UK and Other Major Economies”, PwC, March 2017, https://www.pwc.co.uk/economic-services/ukeo/pwcukeo-section-4-automation-march-2017-v2.pdf.
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(20) James Manyika et al., “What the Future of Work Will Mean for Jobs, Skills, and Wages”,McKinsey Global Institute, November 2017, https://www.mckinsey.com/globalthemes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobsskills-and-wages.
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(21) 《花旗银行计划5年内让人工智能代替1万个工作岗位》，钛媒体，2018年6月15日，http://www.tmtpost.com/nictation/3303061.html。
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(22) Karen Harris, Austin Kimson, Andrew Schwedel, “Labor 2030: The Collision of Demographics, Automation and Inequality”, Bain and Company, February 7,2018, http://www.bain.com/publications/articles/labor-2030-the-collision-of-demographicsautomation-and-inequality.aspx.
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(23) Vivek Wadhwa, “Sorry China, the Future of Next-Generation Manufacturing Is in the US”, Quartz , August 30, 2016, https://qz.com/769897/sorry-china-the-future-of-nextgeneration-manufacturing-is-in-the-us/.
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(24) Yuval N. Harari, “The Rise of the Useless Class”, TED Ideas, February 24, 2017,https://ideas.ted.com/the-rise-of-the-useless-class/.
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(25) Binyamin Appelbaum, “The Vanishing Male Worker: How America Fell Behind”, New York Times , December 11, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/12/upshot/unemployment-the-vanishing-male-worker-how-america-fell-behind.html.
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(26) Rebecca J. Rosen, “The Mental-Health Consequences of Unemployment”, Atlantic ,June 9, 2014, https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/06/the-mental-healthconsequences-of-unemployment/372449/.
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AI·未来 [:1700512303]
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AI·未来 07 一个癌症患者的思考
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人工智能的未来提出了一个深刻问题：工作、价值和“人”的意义之间的关系。这个问题在2013年9月的一天，像一道闪电击中了我。
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我是一个工作狂。我几乎把所有的时间都花在了工作上，为家庭和朋友留出的时间少得可怜。我眼中的自我价值源于工作上的成就、创造经济价值的能力以及在世界上扩展自己的影响力。
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做科研的日子里，我构建了强大的人工智能算法。在这个过程中，我力图量化生活中的所有事情，而生活就像一套具有明确优化目标的算法：最大化个人影响力的同时就会最小化对该目标无益的任何事情。
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但别以为我是一个完全忽视妻女的冷酷科学怪人。在我的算法中，准确地用刚好合适的时间来陪她们，得到“不被家人埋怨”的成就是算法优化目标之一。当我觉得所花的时间达到了内心设定的标准后，就会立即回到工作中：回复邮件、推出产品、投资其他公司以及做演讲。在相当长的时间里，为了回复从美国发来的电子邮件，我的生物钟每晚都会准时在凌晨2点和5点叫醒我。
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着了魔似的投身工作，使我成为世界上顶尖的人工智能研究人员之一。我建立了亚洲最好的计算机科学研究机构，成功创立了风险投资基金，写了很多本畅销书，还在社交媒体上积聚了一大批粉丝。以“客观”标准衡量，我这套“个人”的算法可以说是大获成功。
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然而，一道晴天霹雳，让这一切戛然而止。