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[20] Ibid., p.299.
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[21] Ibid.
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[22] Ibid., p.300.
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[23] Ira Katznelson, Fear Itself, The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time (New York: Liveright, 2013)
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[24] Sue Blevins, Medicare’s Midlife Crisis (Washington, DC: Cato Institute, 2001), p.46.
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[25] Ibid.
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[26] D. B. Smith, “Civil Rights and Medicare, Historical Convergence and Continuing Legacy,” in Medicare and Medicaid at 50, America’s Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care, Alan B. Cohen, David C. Colby, Keith A. Wailoo, and Julian Zelizer, eds. (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.35.
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[27] Ibid.
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[28] Nathaniel Wesley, Black Hospitals in America: History, Contributions, and Demise (Tallahassee, Fla., NRW Associates Publications, 2010).
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[29] Cited in Rick Mayes, “The Origins, Development, and Passage of Medicare’s Revolutionary Prospective Payment System,” Journal of the History of Medicine 62, Jan. 2007, p.25.
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[30] Uwe Reinhardt, “Medicare Innovations in the War Over the Key to the US Treasury,” in Medicare and Medicaid at 50, America’s Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care, Alan B. Cohen, David C. Colby, Keith A. Wailoo, and Julian Zelizer, eds. (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.172.
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[31] Ibid.
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[32] Ibid., p.173.
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[33] Ibid.
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[34] Ibid., p.174.
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[35] Ibid., p.175.
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[36] American Medical Association, “History of the RBRVS,” http://www.ama-assn.org//ama/pub/physician-resources/solutions-managing-your-practice/coding-billinginsurance/medicare/the-resource-based-relative-value-scale/history-of-rbrvs.page. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[37] Uwe Reinhardt, “Medicare Innovations in the War Over the Key to the US Treasury,” in Medicare and Medicaid at 50, America’s Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care, Alan B. Cohen, David C. Colby, Keith A. Wailoo, and Julian Zelizer, eds. (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.178.
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[38] Uwe Reinhardt, “Medicare Innovations in the War Over the Key to the US Treasury,” in Medicare and Medicaid at 50, America’s Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care, Alan B. Cohen, David C. Colby, Keith A. Wailoo, and Julian Zelizer, eds. (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.179.
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[39] Kaiser Family Foundation, “10 Essential Facts About Medicare’s Financial Outlook,” Feb. 2, 2017, http://kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/10-essential-facts-about-medicares-financial-outlook/. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[40] Uwe Reinhardt, “Medicare Innovations in the War Over the Key to the US Treasury,” in Medicare and Medicaid at 50, America’s Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care, Alan B. Cohen, David C. Colby, Keith A. Wailoo, and Julian Zelizer, eds. (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.182.
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外科的诞生：从文艺复兴到移植手术革命 第十三章设备许可
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我两天前才到伦敦，现在还在倒时差以适应格林尼治标准时间。从公寓约的出租车很快就到了尤斯顿车站，我乘上从伦敦开往曼彻斯特的高铁，两个小时就可以到达曼彻斯特的皮卡迪利车站，这条线路也是欧洲最繁忙的铁路线之一。在曼彻斯特转乘奔宁特快来到威根镇，我叫了一辆出租车，穿过兰开夏郡的乡村风光，来到小城莱廷顿（Wrightington）。车窗外是大片的英格兰农场，灌木丛生的树篱和苍老的古树穿插在波涛起伏般的田野间。
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