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或许没有图表或绘画能够捕捉心脏的动态功能，而只有当外科医生掌控了身体的炉石，他们才能向世人宣告，外科医生已经彻底告别了从前的卑微地位，成为受人尊敬甚至充满荣耀的职业。觉得我过于煽情吗？请想象一下自己置身于医院等候区，与几位担惊受怕的家属等待着心脏外科医生，他们的母亲前一天心脏病发作，而医生在几个小时里征服了心脏，挽救了生命，你就能亲眼见证人们对这种能力的感激之情。那一刻，植入革命如同奇迹。
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[1] Stephen Paget, The Surgery of the Chest (Bristol, England: John Wright, 1896), p.121.
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[2] http://www.timesleader.com/news/local/455923/dr-victor-greco-operated-heart-lung-machine-during-first-successful-open-heart-surgery. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[3] William Stoney, Evolution of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, vol. 119, pp.2844–53, 2009.
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[4] Vincent Gott, Lewis Lillehei, and Owen Wangensteen, “The Right Mix for Giant Achievement in Cardiac Surgery,” Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol. 79, 2005, pp.S2210–13.
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[5] Ibid., p.S2211.
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[6] Ibid.
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[7] 鲁布·戈德堡（Rube Goldberg）是美国的一位漫画家，他在作品中创造出一种设计得过于复杂的机械。所以，鲁布·戈登堡机械意指以迂回复杂的方法去完成实际上非常简单的事，亦指十分复杂的系统。——译者注
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[8] 麦吉弗（MacGyver）为美剧《百战天龙》主人公。——译者注
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[9] https://medicine.wright.edu/about/news-and-events/vital-signs/article/a-real-life-macgyver-builds-a-medical-school. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[10] Earl Bakken, A Full Life, The Autobiography of Earl Bakken. Self published, p.32.
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[11] Ibid.
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[12] Ibid.
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[13] http://www.pbs.org/transistor/album1/. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[14] http://www.pbs.org/transistor/background1/corgs/bellabs.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[15] Earl Bakken, A Full Life, The Autobiography of Earl Bakken. Self published, p.38.
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[16] http://www.medtronic.com/us-en/about/facts-stats.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[17] Henry Ellis, and John W. Kirklin, “Aortic Stenosis,” Surgical Clinics of North America,Aug. 1955, p.1033.
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[18] W. Bruce Fye, Caring for the Heart: Mayo Clinic and the Rise of Specialization (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.250.
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[19] Ibid., p.253.
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[20] A. F. Crocetti, “Cardiac Diagnostic and Surgical Facilities in the United States,” Public Health Rep., 1965, 80: 1035–53.
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[21] W. Bruce Fye, Caring for the Heart: Mayo Clinic and the Rise of Specialization (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.323.
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[22] W. Bruce Fye, Caring for the Heart: Mayo Clinic and the Rise of Specialization (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.323, quoting Hurst, “History of Cardiac Catheterization,” in S. B. King III and J. S. Douglas, eds. Coronary Arteriography and Angioplasty (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985), pp.5–6.
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[23] W. Bruce Fye, Caring for the Heart: Mayo Clinic and the Rise of Specialization (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2015), p.326, quoting D. B. Effler to F. A. LeFevre, Nov. 8, 1960, Effler Papers, CCA.
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[24] A. Roguin, Cardiovascular Interventions. Circulation: 2011;4
:206–209.
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