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（蔡 真）
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内科学新进展 第五章 内分泌疾病
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第一节 Graves病及Graves眼病的若干进展
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摘 要 Graves病（GD）是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病，由T淋巴细胞介导，以TSH受体抗体（TRAb）作为特征性的抗体。T淋巴细胞的激活需接受双重信号，除T细胞抗原受体与MHC抗原复合物结合外，还需协同刺激信号参与，其中主要为B7-CD28/CTLA-4。GD药物治疗后复发率较高，如何降低GD的复发率目前仍是GD治疗中的难题。Graves眼病（GO）的发病机理主要为自身免疫，TSH受体（TSH-R）是最重要的自身抗原。正确仔细地判断GO的活动度和严重度对治疗方案的选择非常重要，但目前尚没有十分有效的评判标准。2008年欧洲甲状腺眼病组织（EUGOGO）公布了最新GO诊治共识，认为大剂量静脉使用激素治疗活动性和严重的突眼比口服激素效果更佳；131I治疗后1～3d开始加服强的松治疗，可将同位素治疗后15％左右的突眼加重比例降至几乎为零。
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