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（李成江 臧淑妃 冯烨）
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内科学新进展 第三节 糖尿病的若干进展
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摘 要 由于生活方式的改变和人口老龄化，糖尿病患者日益增多，糖尿病是威胁人类健康，可致残、致死的疾病之一。它是由遗传和环境因素所致的以高血糖为主的一组异质性综合征。糖尿病是一种有遗传易感性的内分泌代谢病，也是常见的老年病。
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现就1型及2型糖尿病的流行病学、诊断标准（根据中国糖尿病学会制定的2007年中国糖尿病防治指南）、分型、病因及发病机制（包括分子遗传、自身免疫、病毒等感染、肥胖、拮抗胰岛素激素增多及炎性因子等）、治疗包括生活方式干预（饮食控制、合适运动等）、应用口服降糖药（磺酰脲类、二甲双胍、α-糖苷酶抑制剂、噻唑烷二酮类、那格列奈及瑞格列奈）、各种胰岛素及其类似物（赖脯胰岛素、门冬氨酸胰岛素、甘精胰岛素等），胰腺或胰岛移植及其他新的治疗方法作一概述。
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