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[58] 货物崇拜是一种宗教形式，出现于一些与世隔绝的原住民中。当外来的先进科技物品出现时，这些原住民会将其当作神祇崇拜。——译者注
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[59] https://tinyurl.com/Hinton-quote.
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[60] Crick (1989). 1963年，克里克发表了一篇关于分子遗传学突破性进展的文章，题为《编码难题之近期佳讯》。
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[61] 虽然在某些情况下神经调质可以在生物系统中产生反向传播效应，但在绝大多数情况下，神经元的活动是由经典的从树突到轴突传播的动作电位形成的，这与PDP模型不同，后者通常使用对称的前向和后向的效应。见：Jansen, R., et al. (1996), Journal of Neurophysiology 76
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[62] Ibid., p. 130.
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[63] Ibid., p. 132.
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[64] Husbands, P., et al. (1998), Connection Science 10: 185–210.
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[65] Lillicrap, T., et al. (2016), Nature Communications 7: 13276.
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[66] LeCun et al. (2015).
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[67] Wilson, M. and Bower, J. (1992), Journal of Neurophysiology 67: 981–95.
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[68] Bower, J. (1994), in J. Bower and D. Beeman (eds.), The Book of GENESIS
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[69] Markram, H., et al. (2011), Procedia Computing Science 7: 39–42, p. 40.
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[70] Kandel, E., et al. (2013), Nature Neuroscience 14: 659–66, p. 659; Hill, S. (2015), in G. Marcus and J. Freeman (eds.), The Future of the Brain: Essays by the World’s Leading Neuroscientists (Oxford: Princeton University Press), pp. 111–24.
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[71] Dudai, Y. and Evers, K. (2014), Neuron 84: 254–61; Serban, M. (2017), Progress in Brain Research 233: 129–48.
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[72] Tiesinga, P., et al. (2015) Current Opinion in Neurobiology 32: 107–14.
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[73] Frégnac, Y. and Laurent, G. (2014), Nature 513: 27–9.列昂尼德·施耐德（Leonid Schneider）关于“人脑计划”的重要观点见：https://tinyurl.com/Schneider-HBP。计算神经科学家马克·汉弗莱斯的观点见：https://tinyurl.com/Humphries-HBP。
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[74] Markram, H., et al. (2015), Cell 163: 456–92; Ramaswamy, S., et al. (2015), Frontiers in Neural Circuits 9: 44; Reimann, M., et al. (2015), Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience 9: 28.
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[75] Markram et al. (2015), p. 483.
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[76] Fan, X. and Markram, H. (2019) Frontiers in Neuroinformatics 13: 32.
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[77] https://tinyurl.com/EdYong-HBP.
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[78] Eliasmith, C., et al. (2012), Science 338: 1202–5.
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[79] 这些引述来自Chi (2016)。
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[80] Seth, A. (2015), in T. Metzinger and J. Windt (eds.), Open MIND (Frankfurt: MIND Group), pp. 1–24; Clark, A. (2016), Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action and the Embodied Mind (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
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[81] Gregory, R. (1980), Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: B 290: 192–7.
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[82] Frith, C. (2007), Making Up the Mind: How the Brain Creates Our Mental World (London: Wiley-Blackwell).
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