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1700678023
[3] Miller, G. (2005), Science 309: 79.这两个关键问题在哲学中被探讨了数千年，而科学至今仍然没有答案。哲学家们可以打起精神了。
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[4] Sutherland, S. (1989), International Dictionary of Psychology (New York
:Crossroad), p. 95.
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[5] 1969年到2016年间，神经科学界就这个主题只举办过两场小型研讨会，见：Storm, J., et al. (2017), Journal of Neuroscience 37: 10882–93。许多神经科学家（也包括我在内）并不研究任何一种脑，更别提心智意识了。
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[6] Seth, A. (2017), in K. Almqvist and A. Haag (eds.), The Return of Consciousness
:A New Science on Old Questions (Stockholm: Axel and Margaret Ax
:son Johnson Foundation), pp. 13–37; Strawson, G. (2017), in K. Almqvist and A. Haag (eds.), The Return of Consciousness: A New Science on Old Questions (Stockholm: Axel and Margaret Ax
:son Johnson Foundation), pp. 79–92.
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[7] Delafresnaye, J. (ed.) (1954), Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness (Oxford
:Blackwell Scientific).
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[8] Marshall, L. (2004), Biographical Memoirs 84: 251–69. 这个发现源自一个意外：他们施加刺激的时候用电过强，见：Moruzzi, G. and Magoun, H. (1949), Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1: 455–73。
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[9] Magoun, H. (1954), in J. Delafresnaye (ed.), Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness(Oxford: Blackwell Scientific), pp. 1–20, p. 1.
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[10] Penfield (1954), pp. 286, 289.
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[11] Cobb, S. (1952), Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 42: 172–7, p. 176.
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[12] Fessard. A. (1954), in J. Delafresnaye (ed.), Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific), pp. 200–235, p. 206; Tyč-Dumont, S., et al. (2012), Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 21: 170–88.
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[13] Jung, R. (1954), in J. Delafresnaye (ed.), Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific), pp. 310–44.
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[14] Penfield (1954), p. 304.
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[15] Delafresnaye (1954), p. 499.
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[16] Eccles, J. (1953), The Neurophysiological Basis of Mind: The Principles of Neurophysiology (Oxford: Oxford University Press), p. vi.
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[17] Eccles, J. (1951), Nature 168: 53–7, p. 56.
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[18] Delafresnaye (1954), p. 501.
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[19] Smith, C. (2001), Brain and Cognition 46: 364–72; Smith, C. (2014), in C. Smith and H. Whitaker (eds.), Brain, Mind and Consciousness in the History of Neuroscience (Dordrecht: Springer), pp. 255–72; Borck, C. (2017), Nuncius 32: 286–329.
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[20] Penfield (1975), p. 114.
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[21] Ibid., pp. 80, 114.
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[22] Place, U. (1956), British Journal of Psychology 47: 44–50.
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[23] 乔治·米勒（1920—2012），美国心理学家，认知心理学的奠基人之一，曾获得美国政府颁发的最高等级科学奖项——美国国家科学奖章。——译者注
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[24] Smart, J. (1959), Philosophical Review 68: 141–56.
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[25] Miller, G. (1962), Psychology: The Science of Mental Life (New York
:HarperCollins), p. 40.
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[26] Meyer, D. and Meyer, P. (1963), Annual Review of Psychology 14: 155–74.
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[27] Lashley (1950).
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