打字猴:1.7006973e+09
1700697300
1700697301 气道阻塞:Felix Liao,Six-Foot Tiger,Three-Foot Cage: Take Charge of Your Health by Taking Charge of Your Mouth(Carlsbad,CA: Crescendo,2017),59。
1700697302
1700697303 弗里德曼舌位高度分级:Rebecca Harvey et al.,“Friedman Tongue Position and Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea,”Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology 2,no. 5(Aug. 2017): 320–24; Pippa Wysong,“Treating OSA? Don’t Forget the Tongue,”ENTtoday,Jan. 1,2008,https://www.enttoday.org/article/treating-osa-dont-forget-the-tongue/。
1700697304
1700697305 堵塞咽喉:An overview of this dilemma can be found on Dr. Eric Kezirian’s website: https://sleep-doctor.com/blog/new-research-treating-the-large-tongue-in-sleep-apnea-surgery。
1700697306
1700697307 超过43厘米:Liza Torborg,“Neck Size One Risk Factor for Obstructive Sleep Apnea,”Mayo Clinic,June 20,2015,https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-and-a-neck-size-one-risk-factor-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea/。
1700697308
1700697309 气道阻塞有90%:Gelb,“Airway Centric TMJ Philosophy”; Luqui Chi et al.,“Identification of Craniofacial Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Using Three-Dimensional MRI,”European Respiratory Journal 38,no. 2(Aug. 2011): 348–58。
1700697310
1700697311 在儿童患者身上效果尤其明显:根据盖尔伯的说法,6个月大时出现呼吸问题的婴儿从4岁左右开始出现行为问题(包括多动症)的概率要高40%。Michael Gelb and Howard Hindin,Gasp! Airway Health—The Hidden Path to Wellness(self-published,2016),Kindle location 850。
1700697312
1700697313 注意缺陷多动障碍患儿:Chai Woodham,“Does Your Child Really Have ADHD?,”U.S. News,June 20,2012,https://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2012/06/20/does-your-child-really-have-adhd。
1700697314
1700697315 几年后可能出现……问题:关于这个非常普遍且令人沮丧的主题还有许多,“研究发现,扁桃体切除术后,孩子表现更好,睡眠更好”。press release,University of Michigan Health System,Apr. 3,2006,https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-04/uomh-kba032806.php; Susan L. Garetz,“Adenotonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children,”UptoDate,Oct。2019,https://www.uptodate.com/contents/adenotonsillectomy-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-children。值得注意的是,根据几项研究发现,大多数口呼吸的孩子也会睡眠不足,而睡眠不足会对他们的成长产生直接影响。Yosh Jefferson,“Mouth Breathing: Adverse Effects on Facial Growth,Health,Academics,and Behavior,”General Dentistry 58,no. 1(Jan.–Feb. 2010): 18–25; Carlos Torre and Christian Guilleminault,“Establishment of Nasal Breathing Should Be the Ultimate Goal to Secure Adequate Craniofacial and Airway Development in Children,”Jornal de Pediatria 94,no. 2(Mar.–Apr. 2018): 101–3.一项对1900名儿童进行了15年跟踪调查的研究发现,患有严重打鼾、睡眠呼吸暂停和其他睡眠呼吸障碍的儿童肥胖的可能性是不打鼾儿童的两倍。症状最严重的儿童患肥胖症的风险增加了60%到100%。“Short Sleep Duration and Sleep-Related Breathing Problems Increase Obesity Risk in Kids,”press release,Albert Einstein College of Medicine,Dec. 11,2014。
1700697316
1700697317 诺尔曼·金斯利:Sheldon Peck,“Dentist,Artist,Pioneer: Orthodontic Innovator Norman Kingsley and His Rembrandt Portraits,”Journal of the American Dental Association 143,no. 4(Apr. 2012): 393–97。
1700697318
1700697319 皮埃尔·罗宾:Ib Leth Nielsen,“Guiding Occlusal Development with Functional Appliances,”Australian Orthodontic Journal 14,no. 3(Oct. 1996): 133–42; “Functional Appliances,”British Orthodontic Society; John C. Bennett,Orthodontic Management of Uncrowded Class II Division 1 Malocclusion in Children(St. Louis: Mosby/Elsevier,2006); “Isolated Pierre Robin sequence,”Genetics Home Reference,https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/isolated-pierre-robin-sequence。
1700697320
1700697321 缩进正畸:被认为是“美国正畸之父”的爱德华·安格尔(Edward Angle)反对拔牙。同时,他的学生查尔斯·H ·特威德(Charles H. Tweed)支持拔牙。最终,特威德的方法获胜了。Sheld on Peck,“Ext ractio ns,Retention and Stability: The Search for Orthodontic Truth,”European Journal of Orthodontics 39,no. 2(Apr. 2017): 109–15。
1700697322
1700697323 约翰·缪医生:缪在西萨塞克斯的维多利亚女王医院担任面部外科医生,花了三年时间研究口腔的工作原理。他知道,构成面部的14块拼图式骨骼需要以正确的方式一起发育,其中任何一块骨骼被伤害都可能影响整个口腔和面部的功能和生长。
1700697324
1700697325 通过拔牙缩进正畸的孩子:拔牙会导致面部变平,这一点在牙齿矫正行业并不被广泛接受。有几项研究声称,拔牙会导致面部逆生长,而其他研究则显示拔牙后,面部几乎没有变化。还有人说,需要首先考虑腭的宽度来确定面部是否会变平。Antônio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas et al.,“Tooth Extraction in Orthodontics: An Evaluation of Diagnostic Elements,”Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 15,no. 3(May–June 2010): 134–57; Anita Bhavnani Rathod et al.,“Extraction vs No Treatment: Long-Term Facial Profile Changes,”American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 147,no. 5(May 2015): 596–603; Abdol-Hamid Zafarmand and Mohamad-Mahdi Zafarmand,“Premolar Extraction in Orthodontics: Does It Have Any Effect on Patient’s Facial Height?,”Journal of the International Society of Preventive&Community Dentistry 5,no. 1(Jan. 2015): 64–68。
1700697326
1700697327 兄弟姐妹之间测量比对:John Mew,The Cause and Cure of Malocclusion(John Mew Orthotropics),https://johnmewor thotropics.co.uk/the-cause-and-cure-of-malocclusion-book/[inactive]; Vicki Cheeseman,interview with Kevin Boyd,“Understanding Modern Systemic Diseases through a Study of Anthropology,”Dentistry IQ,June 27,2012。
1700697328
1700697329 好几位牙医:二十几项可追溯到20世纪30年代的科学研究报告可在以下网站查阅,www.mrjamesnestor.com/breath。
1700697330
1700697331 “江湖骗子”“卖狗皮膏药的”:我了解到,牙齿正畸行业半个世纪以来对约翰·缪的抵制,很可能与缪的数据没有太大关系,而与他传播数据时不留情面的做法有关。即使是缪最热心、最强烈的诋毁者之一,一位名叫罗伊·亚伯拉罕斯(Roy Abrahams)的英国牙齿正畸医生,也在一次电子邮件交流中向我承认,问题不一定出在缪的理论上。缪在有机会时从未证明过自己的理论,而是不断“诋毁传统正畸学和正畸医生,来进一步传播自己的理论”。
1700697332
1700697333 著名演化生物学家:Sandra Kahn and Paul R. Ehrlich,Jaws: The Story of a Hidden Epidemic(Stanford,CA: Stanford University Press,2018)。
1700697334
1700697335 在他将近80岁的时候:约翰·缪告诉我,他的大多数敌人都以城堡为例,说明他是如何从正统疗法中获利的。他说,这座城堡的总造价约为30万英镑,大约是沿路那座破旧的两居室现代公寓价格的三分之一。
1700697336
1700697337 2006年的一个同行评议研究:G. Dave Singh et al.,“Evaluation of the Posterior Airway Space Following Biobloc Therapy: Geometric Morphometrics,”Cranio: The Journal of Craniomandibular&Sleep Practice 25,no. 2(Apr. 2007): 84–89,https://facefocused.com/articles-and-lectures/bioblocs-impact-on-the-airway/。
1700697338
1700697339 颈前伸:在整个儿童时期,采取这种张嘴的姿势会直接影响下颌、呼吸道,甚至牙齿的排列和生长。Joy L. Moeller et al.,“Treating Patients with Mouth Breathing Habits: The Emerging Field of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy,”Journal of the American Orthodontic Society 12,no. 2(Mar.–Apr. 2012): 10–12。
1700697340
1700697341 “看我们成啥样了”:现代人可能是第一个有这种弊病的智人物种。即使是我们的“表亲”尼安德特人也不是过去几百年来被描绘成的那种曲着指关节、弯腰驼背的“野兽”。他们的姿势是笔直的,也许比我们的姿势还要好。Martin Haeusler et al.,“Morphology,Pathology,and the Vertebral Posture of the La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neandertal,”Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116,no. 11(Mar. 2019): 4923–27。
1700697342
1700697343 “颅面失调”:M. Mew,“Craniofacial Dystrophy. A Possible Syndrome?,”British Dental Journal 216,no. 10(May 2014): 555–58。
1700697344
1700697345 “健康新风尚”:Elena Cresci,“Mewing Is the Fringe Orthodontic Technique Taking Over YouTube,”Vice,Mar. 11,2019,https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/d3medj/mewing-is-the-fringe-orthodontic-technique-taking-over-youtube。
1700697346
1700697347 一百万点击量:“Doing Mewing,”YouTube,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hmf-pR7EryY。
1700697348
1700697349 适者生存:Quentin Wheeler,Antonio G. Valdecasas,and Cristina Cânovas,“Evolution Doesn’t Proceed in a Straight Line—So Why Draw It That Way?”The Conversation,Sept. 3,2019,https://theconversation.com/evolution-doesnt-proceed-in-a-straight-line-so-why-draw-it-that-way-109401/。
[ 上一页 ]  [ :1.7006973e+09 ]  [ 下一页 ]