1700792657 [62] 我们仍然缺少一本优秀的单卷本世界卫生组织史。最早期的一些关于国际性合作努力的著作包括Norman Howard-Jones,The Scientific Background of the International Sanitary Conferences(Geneva:World Health Organization,1975)。谷口基金会编写的系列丛书中有一些关于国际卫生问题的有趣文章。例见，Teizo Ogawa,ed.,Public Health(Tokyo:Taniguchi Foundation,1981)；另可参考本卷中许多关于国际卫生和热带医学的参考文献。

1700792658

1700792659 [63] 例见，John Farley,Bilharzia:A History of Imperial Tropical Medicine(New York:Cambridge University Press,1991)；Randall M.Packard,White Plague,Black Labor:Tuberculosis and the Political Economy of Health and Disease in South Africa(Berkeley:University of California Press,1989)；Philip D.Curtin,Death by Migration:Europe’s Encounter with the Tropical World in the Nineteenth Century(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1989)；Gerald W.Hartwig and K.David Patterson,eds.,Disease in African History:An Introductory Survey and Case Studies(Durham,NC:Duke University Press,1978)；David Arnold,ed.,Imperial Medicine and Indigenous Societies(Manchester:Manchester University Press,1988)；Roy McLeod and Milton Lewis,eds.,Disease,Medicine and Empire:Perspectives on Western Medicine and the Experience of European Expansion(London:Routledge,1988)；Teresa Meade and Mark Walker,Science,Medicine,and Cultural Imperialism(New York:St.Martin’s Press,1991)。

1700792660

1700792661 [64] 例如，Philip D.Curtin,Death by Migration:Europe’s Encounter with the Tropical World in the Nineteenth Century; K.David Patterson, Pandemic Influenza,1700—1900:A Study in Historical Epidemiology(Totowa,NJ:Rowman & Littlefield,1986)；Dennis Carlson,African Fever:A Study of British Science,Technology,and Politics in West Africa,1787—1864(New York:Science History,1984)；Maryinez Lyons,The Colonial Disease:A Social History of Sleeping Sickness in Northern Zaire,1900—1940(New York:Cambridge University Press,1992)；Armando Solórzano,“The Rockefeller Foundation in Mexico:Nationalism,Public Health,and Yellow Fever(1911—1924),” PhD dissertation,University of Wisconsin,1990。

1700792662

1700792663 [65] 关于公共卫生史的史料编纂学方面的讨论，见Charles Rosenberg,“The History of Disease:Now and in the Future,” in Lloyd Stevenson,ed.,A Celebration of Medical History(Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,1982)；Gerald Grob,“The Social History of Medicine and Disease in America:Problems and Possibilities,” Journal of Social History 10(1977):391—409；Judith W.Leavitt,“Medicine in Context:A Review Essay of the History of Medicine,” American Historical Review 95(1990):1471—1484；Ronald L.Numbers,“The History of American Medicine:A Field in Ferment,” Reviews in American History 10(1982):245—263；Edwin Clarke,Modern Methods in the History of Medicine(London:Athlone Press,1977)。该领域有价值的文集包括Charles Rosenberg,ed.,Healing and History(New York:Neale Watson,1979)；Judith Walzer Leavitt and Ronald L.Numbers,eds.,Sickness and Health in America(Madison:University of Wisconsin Press,1985)；Elizabeth Fee and Daniel M.Fox,eds.,AIDS:The Burdens of History(Berkeley:University of California Press,1988)；Charles E.Rosenberg and Janet Golden,eds.,Framing Disease:Studies in Cultural History(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,1992)；Andrew Wear,ed.,Medicine in Society:Historical Essays(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1992)。

1700792664

1700792665 [66] 例见，Barbara G.Rosenkrantz,Public Health and the State:Changing Views in Massachusetts,1842—1936(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1972)；Judith Walzer Leavitt,The Healthiest City:Milwaukee and the Politics of Health Reform(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1982)；Stuart Galishoff,Newark:The Nation’s Unhealthiest City,1832—1895(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,1988)；Stuart Galishoff,Safeguarding the Public Health:Newark,1895—1918(Westport,CT:Greenwood Press,1975)；James H.Cassedy,Charles V.Chapin and the Public Health Movement(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1962)；John Duffy,Sword of Pestilence:The New Orleans Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1853(Baton Rouge:Louisiana State University Press,1966)；John Duffy,A History of Public Health in New York City,2 vols.(New York:Russell Sage Foundation,1968—1974)；Philip D.Jordan,The People’s Health:A History of Public Health in Minnesota to 1948(St.Paul:Minnesota Historical Society,1953)；Jacqueline K.Corn,Environment and Health in Nineteenth Century America:Two Case Studies(New York:Peter Lang,1989)；J.W.Estes and David M.Goodman,The Changing Humors of Portsmouth:The Medical Biography of an American Town,1623—1983(Boston:Countway Library,1986)；Michael P.McCarthy,Typhoid and the Politics of Public Health in Nineteenth-Century Philadelphia(Philadelphia:American Philosophical Society,1987)；Edward T.Morman,“Scientific Medicine Comes to Philadelphia:Public Health Transformed,1854—1899,”PhD dissertation,University of Pennsylvania,1986。另见Heather MacDougall,Activists and Advocates:Toronto’s Health Department,1883—1983(Toronto:Dundern Press,1990)。

1700792666

1700792667 [67] John Duffy,The Sanitarians:A History of American Public Health(Urbana:University of Illinois Press,1990).

1700792668

1700792669 [68] Fitzhugh Mullan,Plagues and Politics:The Story of the United States Public Health Service(New York:Basic Books,1989); Elizabeth W.Etheridge,Sentinel for Health:A History of the Centers for Disease Control(Berkeley:University of California Press,1992); Victoria Harden,Inventing the NIH:Federal Biomedical Research Policy,1887—1931(Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,1986); E.Richard Brown,Rockefeller Medicine Men:Medicine and Capitalism in America(Berkeley:University of California Press,1979); John Ettling,The Germ of Laziness:Rockefeller Philanthropy and Public Health in the New South(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1981); Elizabeth Fee,Disease and Discovery:A History of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health,1916—1939(Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,1987); Robert R.Korstad,Dreaming of a Time:The School of Public Health; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,1939—1989(Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina,1990); Paul A.Bator with Andrew J.Rhodes,Within Reach of Everyone:A History of the University of Toronto School of Hygiene and the Connaught Laboratories(Ottawa:Canadian Public Health Association,1990); Elizabeth Fee and Roy M.Acheson,eds.,A History of Education in Public Health:Health That Mocks the Doctors’ Rules(Oxford:Oxford University Press,1991),especially the essay by Arthur J.Viseltear,“The Emergence of Pioneering Public Health Education Programmes in the United States,” 114—154.

1700792670

1700792671 [69] 例见，Sellers,Crabgrass Crucible:Suburban Nature and the Rise of Environmentalism in the Twentieth Century(Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,2012)；Gerald Markowitz and David Rosner,Lead Wars and the Fate of America’s Children(Berkeley:University of California Press,2013)；Robert Gottlieb,Forcing the Spring:The Transformation of the American Environmental Movement(Washington,DC:Island Press,1993)；J.C.Wharton,Before Silent Spring:Pesticides and Public Health in Pre-DDT America(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1974)；Jean-Pierre Goubert,The Conquest of Water:The Advent of Health in the Industrial Age,trans.Andrew Wilson(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1989)；Christopher Hamlin,A Science of Impurity:Water Analysis in Nineteenth Century Britain(Berkeley:University of California Press,1990)；Louis P.Cain,Sanitary Strategy for a Lakefront Metropolis:The Case of Chicago(DeKalb:Northern Illinois University Press,1978)；Georges Vigarello,Concepts of Cleanliness:Changing Attitudes in France since the Middle Ages(Cambridge:University of Cambridge Press,1988)；Martin V.Melosi,Garbage in the Cities:Refuse,Reform,and the Environment,1880—1980(College Station:Texas A&M University Press,1981)；Martin V.Melosi,ed.,Pollution and Reform in American Cities,1870—1930(Austin:University of Texas Press,1980)；Elizabeth Fee,Garbage:The History and Politics of Trash in New York City(New York:New York Public Library,1994)。一本研究关于疾病、健康和环境的思想的迷人著作，Alain Corbin,The Foul and the Fragrant:Odor and the French Social Imagination,trans.,Miriam Kochan(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1986)。乔尔·A.塔尔（Joel A.Tarr）写了很多关于垃圾处理和环境管理的重要文章，包括Joel A.Tarr,Terry Yosie,and James McCurley III,“Disputes over Water Quality Policy:Professional Cultures in Conflict,1900—1917,” American Journal of Public Health 70(1980):427—435；Joel A.Tarr,“Industrial Wastes and Public Health:Some Historical Notes,Part 1,1876—1932,” American Journal of Public Health 75(1985):1059—1067；Joel A.Tarr,“The Search for the Ultimate Sink:Urban Air,Land,and Water Pollution in Historical Perspective,” Records of the Columbia Historical Society of Washington,D.C. 51(1984):1—29；Joel A.Tarr and Charles Jacobson,“Environmental Risk in Historical Perspective,” in The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk:Essays on Risk Selection and Perception,ed.Branden B.Johnson and Vincent T.Covello(Dordrecht:D.Reidel,1987),317—344。另见更早的一部研究， Nelson M.Blake,Water for the Cities:A History of the Urban Water Supply Problem in the United States(Syracuse,NY:Syracuse University Press,1956)。

1700792672

1700792673 [70] 对这一庞大文献的优秀导读，见Rima Apple,ed.,Women,Health,and Medicine in America:A Historical Handbook(New York:Garland,1990)。Judith Walzer Leavitt,ed.,Women and Health in America:Historical Readings(Madison:University of Wisconsin Press,1984)是不错的该领域论文集，尤见Linda Gordon,ed.,Women,the State,and Welfare(Madison:University of Wisconsin Press,1990)。关于家庭卫生，见Nancy Tomes,“The Private Side of Public Health:Sanitary Science,Domestic Hygiene,and the Germ Theory,1870—1900,”Bulletin of the History of Medicine 64(1990):467—480；另见Marilyn T.Williams,Washing “The Great Unwashed”:Public Baths in Urban America,1840—1920(Columbus:Ohio State University Press,1991)。

1700792674

1700792675 [71] Keith Wailoo,Dying in the City of the Blues:Sickle Cell Anemia and the Politics of Race and Health(Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,2000); Keith Wailoo,How Cancer Crossed the Color Line(New York:Oxford University Press,2011); Susan L.Smith,Sick and Tired of Being Sick and Tired:Black Women’s Health Activism in America,1890—1950(Philadelphia:University of Pennsylvania Press,1995); Dorothy Roberts,Killing the Black Body:Race,Reproduction,and the Meaning of Liberty(New York:Vintage,1998); Vanessa N.Gamble,The Black Community Hospital:An Historical Perspective(New York:Garland,1989); Vanessa N.Gamble,ed.,Germs Have No Color Lines:Blacks and American Medicine,1900—1945(New York:Garland,1989); David McBride,Integrating the City of Medicine:Blacks in Philadelphia Health Care,1910—1965(Philadelphia:Temple University Press,1989); David McBride,From TB to AIDS:Epidemics among Urban Blacks Since 1900(Albany:State University of New York Press,1991); Todd L.Savitt,Medicine and Slavery:The Diseases and Health Care of Blacks in Antebellum Virginia(Urbana:University of Illinois Press,1978); Edward H.Beardsley,A History of Neglect:Health Care for Blacks and Mill Workers in the Twentieth-Century South(Knoxville:University of Tennessee Press,1987); Todd L.Savitt and James Harvey Young,eds.,Disease and Distinctiveness in the American South(Knoxville:University of Tennessee Press,1988); Stephen J.Kunitz,Disease Change and the Role of Medicine:The Navajo Experience(Berkeley:University of California Press,1983); Russell Thornton,American Indian Holocaust and Survival:A Population History since 1492(Norman:University of Oklahoma Press,1987); Randall M.Packard,White Plague,Black Labor:Tuberculosis and the Political Economy of Health and Disease in South Africa(Berkeley:University of California Press,1989); Paul Weindling,Health,Race,and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism,1870—1945(New York:Cambridge University Press,1989); Angus McLaren,Our Own Master Race:Eugenics in Canada,1885—1945(Toronto:McClelland & Stewart,1990); Mark B.Adams,ed.,The Wellborn Science:Eugenics in Germany,France,Brazil,and Russia(New York:Oxford University Press,1990).

1700792676

1700792677 [72] Charles E.Rosenberg,The Cholera Years:The United States in 1832,1849,and 1866(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1962); Richard J.Evans,Death in Hamburg:Society and Politics in the Cholera Years,1830—1910(Oxford:Oxford University Press,1987); Allan M.Brandt,No Magic Bullet:A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States since 1880(New York:Oxford University Press,1985); Naomi Rogers,Dirt and Disease:Polio before FDR(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,1992).

1700792678

1700792679 [73] François Delaporte,The History of Yellow Fever:An Essay on the Birth of Tropical Medicine(Cambridge,MA:MIT Press,1991); John Ettling,The Germ of Laziness:Rockefeller Philanthropy and Public Health in the New South(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1981); Barbara Bates,Bargaining for Life:A Social History of Tuberculosis,1816—1938(Philadelphia:University of Pennsylvania Press,1992); Linda Bryder,Below the Magic Mountain:A Social History of Tuberculosis in Twentieth Century Britain(New York:Oxford University Press,1988); F.B.Smith,The Retreat of Tuberculosis,1850—1950(New York:Croom Helm,1988); Claude Quetel,History of Syphilis(Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,1990); K.David Patterson,Pandemic Influenza,1700—1900:A Study in Historical Epidemiology(Totowa,NJ:Rowman & Littlefield,1986); Alfred W.Crosby,Epidemic and Peace,1918(Westport,CT:Greenwood Press,1976):Joan Jacobs Brumberg,Fasting Girls:The Emergence of Anorexia Nervosa as a Modern Disease(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1988); James T.Patterson,The Dread Disease:Cancer and Modern American Culture(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1987).另见论文，Charles E.Rosenberg and Janet Golden,eds.,Framing Disease(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,1992)。

1700792680

1700792681 [74] Mirko D.Grmek,History of AIDS:Emergence and Origin of a Modern Pandemic(Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1990); Elizabeth Fee and Daniel M.Fox,eds.,AIDS:The Burdens of History(Berkeley:University of California Press,1988); Ronald Bayer,Private Acts,Social Consequences:AIDS and the Politics of Public Health(New York:Free Press,1989); Elizabeth Fee and Daniel M.Fox,eds.,AIDS:The Making of a Chronic Disease(Berkeley:University of California Press,1992); Peter Arno and Karen L.Felden,Against the Odds:The Story of AIDS Drug Development,Politics,and Profits(New York:HarperCollins,1992); David L.Kirp and Ronald Bayer,eds.,AIDS in the Industrialized Democracies:Passions,Politics,and Policies(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,1992).

1700792682

1700792683 [75] Thomas Laqueur,Making Sex:Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1990); Emily Martin,The Woman in the Body:A Cultural Analysis of Reproduction(Boston:Beacon Press,1987); Barbara Duden,The Woman beneath the Skin:A Doctor’s Patients in Eighteenth-Century Germany(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1991); Michel Feher,with Ramona Naddaff and Nadia Tazi,eds.,Fragments for a History of the Human Body(Cambridge:MIT Press,1989); Roger Cooter,“The Power of the Body:The Early Nineteenth Century,” Natural Order,ed.Barry Barnes and Steven Shapin(Beverly Hills,CA:Sage Publications,1979).

1700792684

1700792685 [76] Roy Porter,Patients and Practitioners:Lay Perceptions of Medicine in Pre-industrial Society(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1985); Roy Porter and Dorothy Porter,In Sickness and in Health:The British Experience,1650—1850(London:Fourth Estate,1988); Andrew Wear,ed.,Medicine in Society:Historical Essays(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1992); Mary Fissell,Patients,Power,and the Poor in Eighteenth-Century Bristol(New York:Cambridge University Press,1991); John Woodward and David Richards,eds.,Health Care and Popular Medicine in Nineteenth Century England:Essays in the Social History of Medicine(New York:Holmes & Meier,1977).

1700792686

1700792687 [77] 例见，Barbara G.Rosenkrantz,Public Health and the State:Changing Views in Massachusetts,1842—1936(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1972)；Allan M.Brandt,No Magic Bullet:A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States since 1880(New York:Oxford University Press,1985)；Ronald Bayer,Private Acts,Social Consequences:AIDS and the Politics of Public Health(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,1991)。

1700792688

1700792689 [78] 关于这一方向的不同阶段，见Dona Schneider and David E.Lilienfeld,Public Health:The Development of a Discipline,from the Age of Hippocrates to the Progressive Era(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,2008),and Public Health:The Development of a Discipline,Twentieth Century Challenges(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,2011); Mark Harrison,Disease and the Modern World:1500 to the Present Day(Boston:Polity,2004); J.N.Hays,The Burdens of Disease:Epidemics and Human Response in Western History(New Brunswick,NJ:Rutgers University Press,2010)。

1700792690

1700792691 [79] 奥利弗·祖茨（Oliver Zunz）对社会史研究之分散、专业专著之泛滥，以及研究者们对更高水平的归纳的懈怠，提出了批评。见Oliver Zunz,“The Synthesis of Social Change:Reflections on American Social History,” in Reliving the Past:The Worlds of Social History(Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,1985),53—114。另见Thomas Bender,“Wholes and Parts:The Need for Synthesis in Social History,” Journal of American History 73(1986):120—136；Allan Megill,“Fragmentation and the Future of Historiography,” American Historical Review 96(1991):693—698。

1700792692

1700792693 [80] 杰伊·格拉瑟（Jay Glasser）是美国公共卫生协会历史项目的组织者，他要求公共卫生的每个领域都要有所贡献，这为乐于记录历史的人敞开了大门；American Journal of Public Health也有类似的想法。

1700792694

1700792695 [81] 见“What Medical History Should Be Taught to Medical Students?,” in Education in the History of Medicine,ed.John B.Blake(New York:Hafner,1968),19—27。

1700792696

1700792697 [82] 更多关于社会医学运动及其与公共卫生的关系（尤其是在英国），见Dorothy Porter and Roy Porter,“What Was Social Medicine? An Historiographical Essay,” Journal of Historical Sociology 1(1989):90—106。

1700792698

1700792699 [83] “What Is Social Medicine? A Genetic Analysis of the Concept,” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 21(1947):674—733.Healing and History:Essays for George Rosen(New York:Science History,1979),252—262，几乎涵盖了罗森的所有著作，其中包括他为社会医学史写的所有重要文章。

1700792700

1700792701 [84] 除非另有说明，本文中有关罗森的生活信息都是从对其亲友和同事的一系列采访中摘录而来。

1700792702

1700792703 [85] 见“Medicine under Hitler,” Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 25(1949):125—129。

1700792704

1700792705 [86] 对再版的介绍，见Harry Friedenwald’s The Jews and Medicine:Essays(New York:Ktav,1967)。

1700792706

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