打字猴:1.700799579e+09
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1700799580 (1)The Nobel Foundation,All Nobel Laureates in Medicine,http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/index.html,last accessed on Dec. 13,2009.
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1700799582 (2)Elpidoforos S. Soteriates,et al,“Research Contribution of Different World Regions in the Top 50 Biomedical Journals”,The FASEB Journal,2006
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1700799584 (3)Hamilton Moses,Ⅲ;E. Ray Dorsey;David H. M. Matheson;et al.,“Financial Anatomy of Biomedical Research”,JAMA. 2005;294(11):1333—1342. The following funding source statistics are from this source.
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1700799586 (4)Miriam Shergold,Health and Medical Research in the United States:Observatory on Health Research Systems,RAND Corporation,2008.
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1700799588 (5)NIH Office of Extramural Research,Table #112 NIH Research Grants:Number of Awarded Institution and Number of Awards by type of Institution,Fiscal year 1999—2008,May 6,2009.
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1700799590 (6)Statistics tabulated from grant award information reported by NIH at http://report.nih.gov/index.aspx.
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1700799592 (7)NIH,Research Project Success Rates by Type and Activity,July 9,2009,http://report.nih.gov/award/success/Success_ByActivity.cfm,last accessed on Dec. 13,2009.
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1700799594 (8)Biotechnology Industry Organization,2007—2008 Milestones,p. 12.
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1700799596 (9)PhRMA,Pharmaceutical Indsutry Profile2009,p 2.
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1700799598 (10)Association of American Medical Colleges,AAMC Data Book2007,p. 42—46
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1700799600 (11)National Institutes of Health,NIH Almanac 2008—2009,p. 408.(http://www.nih.gov/about/almanac/)
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1700799602 (12)Ibid. p. 112
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1700799604 (13)PhRMA,Pharmaceutical Industry Profile2009,p 66.
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1700799606 (14)Biotechnology Industry Organization,Biotechnology Industry Facts,http://bio.org/speeches/pubs/er/statistics.asp,last accessed on Dec. 14,2009.
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1700799608 (15)同上.
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1700799610 (16)同上.
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1700799612 (17)Biotechnology Industry Organization,2007—2008 Milestones,p. 40.
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1700799614 (18)Real Clear Politics,Polls Find Majority Back Funding Stem-Cell Research,March 10,2009,http://www.realclearpolitics.com/politics_nation/2009/03/polls_find_majority_back_fundi.html.
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1700799616 (19)Elpidoforos S. Soteriates,et al,“Research Contribution of Different World Regions in the Top 50 Biomedical Journals”,The FASEB Journal,2006
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1700799618 (20)National Science Foundation,Survey of Earned Doctorates,2007,http://www.norc.org/projects/survey+of+earned+doctorates.htm,last accessed on Dec. 13,2009.
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1700799623 揭秘美国医疗制度及其相关行业 [:1700797284]
1700799624 揭秘美国医疗制度及其相关行业 第九章 医疗监管制度和公共卫生管理
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1700799626 揭秘美国医疗制度及其相关行业 [:1700797285]
1700799627 第一节 概述
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