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最后，为了应对目前的经济危机，削减不易出成果的研究和销量减少的产品的销售人员。从2008年起，各大制药公司已经宣布了大规模的裁员计划，其中一次性宣布裁员千人以上的就有不少。2008年1月，施贵宝公司宣布裁员4500人。同月，惠氏公司宣布裁员5000人，达到员工总数的10％。2008年5月，默克公司宣布裁员1200人。2008年8月，雅培宣布裁员1000人。2008年默克公司宣布裁员6800人，空缺职位400个，达到员工总数的12％。2008年11月，阿斯利康公司宣布全球裁员9000人。辉瑞公司在2008年至少裁员1700人。2009年辉瑞、惠氏合并刚刚宣布，公司就宣布将裁员19000人，将占两公司现有总员工的15％。默克公司和先灵葆雅公司宣布合并之后，大约有2万人将被裁退。
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(1)Office of the Actuary，CMS，National Healthcare Expenditure，Table 2，2009.
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(2)PriceWaterhouseCoopers，Cost of Caring：Key Drivers of Growth in Spending on Hospital Care，2003.
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(3)(3a)“Prescription for change”. Teradata Magazine online. March 2005. http://www.teradata.com/t/page/131951/, retrieved on 2009—08—08.
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(4)MedAdNews，MedAdNews200-World’s Best-Selling Medicines，July 2007.
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(5)Ibid.
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(6)Aaron Smith，From orphan to blockbuster?, CNN/Money，July 8，2005.
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(7)The Nelson Company，Total U. S.-food，drug，and mass，excluding Wal-Mart，2009.
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(8)Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America. Press Release：FDA Approves28 New Drugs；Review Time is 19.2 Months. Washington，January 1996. p. 1.
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(9)Susan Thaul，CRS Report for Congress，FDA Fast Track and Priority Review Programs，Feb. 21，2008
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(10)IMS HEALTH and NACDS Economics Department，Pharmacy Sales and Prescriptions，by Type of Store，1997—2007，2008. In a report by John M. Coster，Pharmaceutical Market Dynamics，National Association of Chain Drug Stores，2000，this figure is 75％.
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(11)Standard & Poor，GICS Sub-Industry Revenue Share.，September 4, 2004.
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(12)National Association of Chain Drug Stores，Community Retail Pharmacy Outlets by Type of Stores，1997—2007，http://www.nacds.org/wmspage.cfm?parm1=506，accessed on August 17, 2009.
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(13)Number of stores statistics are from company profile information on their official web sites.
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(14)Atlantic Information Services，A Guide to Drug Cost Management Strategies，2ndEdition（2004），Fig 12.13.
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(15)Congressional Budget Office，Prices for Brand Name Drugs Under Selected Federal Programs，2005.
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(16)US General Accounting Office，Prescription Drugs：Companies Typically Charge More in the United States Than in Canada. GAO/HRD—92—110. Washington，1992. 37p.
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(17)Jack Hoadley，How Can We Tell Drug Prices Are Too High？，May 2009，http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/71/002/Hoadley.pdf，Accessed on August 21，2009.
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(18)Gagnon M-A，Lexchin J（2008）“The Cost of Pushing Pills：A New Estimate of Pharmaceutical Promotion Expenditures in the United States”，PLoS Med 5（1）：el.doi：10.1371/journal.pmed.0050001. All following drug promotion expenditure figures are cited from this study.
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(19)Robert Ebisch, Prescription for Change，March 2005，http://www.teradata.com/td/page/131951，accessed on August 19，2009.
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(20)Jonathan Saltzman，Bristol-Myers Squibb to pay$ 515 million for doctor kickback scheme，Boston Globe，September 28，2007.
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(21)Devlin Barrett，Pfizer to pay record$ 2.3B penalty for drug promos，Associated Press，September 2, 2009.
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(22)Section 505（j）（4）（A）of the 1938 Federal Food，Drug，and Cosmetic Act（21 USC351）.
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(23)Section 501（B）of the 1938 Federal Food，Drug，and Cosmetic Act（21 USC351）.
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(24)Friedman，Milton & Rose，Free to Choose. New York：Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 1979. ISBN 0—15—133481—1.
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