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Wigner, E. P. “The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences.” Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 13 (1960): 1-14.
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第13章
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Bohm, D. Causality and Chance in Modern Physics. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1957.
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Bunge, M. Causality and Modern Science, 3rd rev. ed. New York: Dover Publications, 1979.
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——. The Myth of Simplicity. Englewood Cliffs, N. J. : Prentice-Hall, 1963.
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Burtt, E. A. The Metaphysical Foundation of Modern Science, rev. ed. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1932.
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Cassirer, E. Determinism and Indeterminism in Modern Physics. New Haven, Conn. : Yale University Press, 1956.
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Crombie, A. C. Turning Points in Physics. New York: North-Holland Publishing Co., 1959.
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Frank, P. Modern Science and Its Philosophy. New York: George Braziller, 1941.
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——. Philosophy of Science. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1957.
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Guillemin, V. The Story of Quantum Mechanics. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1968.
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Harré, R. The Philosophies of Science. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.
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Heisenberg, W. K. Physics and Philosophy. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1958.
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Lucas, J. R. Space, Time and Causality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
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Margenau, H. The Nature of Physical Reality. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1950.
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Reichenbach, H. Atom and Cosmos, the World of Modern Physics. New York: George Braziller, 1957.
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Russell, B. A History of Western Philosophy. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1945.
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Schrödinger, E. Science and the Human Temperament. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1935.
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Toulmin, S. The Philosophy of Science. London: Hutchinson University Library, 1953.
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Weyl, H. Philosophy of Mathematics and Natural Science, Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1949.
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数学与知识的探求 主编赘语
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又读克莱因,依然是那么令人兴奋、激动,恍如20年前,在图书馆的书架下阅读《古今数学思想》时的心境。一直有个宏愿,组织学者把克莱因的主要著作翻译过来,一定会嘉惠数学教育界乃至整个知识界。能有克莱因的著作通过这套丛书首次在国内翻译、面世,那么对此丛书的价值我就有起码的自信。莫里斯·克莱因著作等身,或数学思想史或数学文化或数学哲学,各有侧重,哪一本都是响当当的“硬通货”,《数学与知识的探求》也不例外,这本书集中探讨了数学在探求知识方面的作用。
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克莱因认为,数学是人类创造的最有效的工具,但这个工具仍然是不完备的,其作用主要在于探求知识,而探求知识与揭示自然的奥秘、昭示自然界的真面目并非一回事。探求知识是人类的认知活动,关于自然的知识——科学理论,只是我们对外部世界的一种认识和解释,并非自然界本身。克莱因为这本书定名为“数学与知识的探求”(The Mathematics and the Search of Knowledge),是基于他对数学本体的基本立场(可参考《西方文化中的数学》译者前言),不能把knowledge与nature、object、physical world等概念相混淆。粗读本书,会习惯性地以为本书讲述的是数学如何揭示自然奥秘,在克莱因看来,数学是探索知识的工具,是科学最重要的工具,却不是打开自然大门的钥匙。区分纯粹数学与应用数学,区分数学与科学这两对概念,也是帮助理解本书所必需的。
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