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[63]Council of Serdica ,canon 13 [Latin]=10 [Greek],trans. H. Hess,The Early Development of Canon Law and the Council of Serdica (Oxford:Oxford University Press,2002),220,232.新的研究参见P.-G. Delage,“Le canon 13 de Sardique ou Les inquietudes d’évêques d’origine modeste,” in Les Pères de l’Église et la voix des pauvres ,ed. P.-G. Delage (La Rochelle:Histoire et Culture,2006),55-74。
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[64] M.R. Salzman,The Making of a Christian Aristocracy:Social and Religious Change in the Western Roman Empire (Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,2002),69-137,178-99.对这些结论的统计学基础的异议,尤其是这些结论对妇女在贵族阶层皈依中所扮演的角色的影响,参见R.W. Mathisen,“The Christianization of theLate Roman Senatorial Order:Circumstances and Scholarship,” International Journal of the Classical Tradition 9 (2002):257-78 at pp. 265-67,连同12 (2005):123-37中Salzman的反驳,以及14 (2007):123-47中Mathisen的回应。同样参见T. D. Barnes,“Statistics and the Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy,” Journal of Roman Studies 85 (1995):135-47;以及Veyne,Quand notre monde est devenu chrétien ,185-97,When Our World Became Christian ,98-106。
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[65]Inscriptiones Latinae Christianae Veteres ,no. 1753.1.
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[66] Lactantius,Divine Institutes 5.19.32,6.24.14,trans. A. Bowen and P. Garnsey (Liverpool:Liverpool University Press,2003),323,385.
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[67] S. Diefenbach,Römische Erinnerungsräume:Heiligenmemoria und kollektive Identitäten im Rom des 3. bis 5. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. ,Millennium-Studien 11 (Berlin:de Gruyter,2007),38-80.
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[68] Schwartz,Were the Jews a Mediterranean Society? 18,31n19.
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[69] 例如,M.T. Griffin,Seneca:A Philosopher in Politics (Oxford:Clarendon Press,1976),315-66;J.A. Francis,Subversive Virtue:Asceticism and Authority in the Second-Century Pagan World (University Park:Pennsylvania University Press,1995),1-19;Veyne,L’empire gréco romaine ,ch. 11,“Passions,perfection et ame matérielle dans l’utopie stoïcienne,” 683-712 at pp.693-95。
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[70] J. Bodel,“From Columbaria to Catacombs:Collective Burial in Pagan and Christian Rome,” in Commemorating the Dead:Texts and Artifacts in Context. Studies of Roman,Jewish,andChristian Burials ,ed. L. Brink and D. Green (Berlin:de Gruyter,2008),177-242 at p. 219.
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[71] J. Bodel,“From Columbaria to Catacombs:Collective Burial in Pagan and Christian Rome,” in Commemorating the Dead:Texts and Artifacts in Context. Studies of Roman,Jewish,andChristian Burials ,ed. L. Brink and D. Green (Berlin:de Gruyter,2008),177-242 at p. 220。
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[72] J. Bodel,“From Columbaria to Catacombs:Collective Burial in Pagan and Christian Rome,” in Commemorating the Dead:Texts and Artifacts in Context. Studies of Roman,Jewish,andChristian Burials ,ed. L. Brink and D. Green (Berlin:de Gruyter,2008),177-242 at p. 224。
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[73] Caillet,L’évergétisme monumental chrétien ,91,95;同样参见M. Humphries,Communities of the Blessed:Social Environment and Religious Change in Northern Italy,AD 200-400 (Oxford:Oxford University Press,1999),84-85。
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[74] Caillet,L’évergétisme monumental chrétien ,80.
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[75] Dresken-Weiland,Sarkophagbestattungen ,94;Repertorium der christlich-antiken Sarkophage ,vol. 3,Frankreich,Algerien,Tunesien ,ed. B. Christern-Briesenick (Mainz:P. Zabern,2003),no. 21,p. 21,and plate 11.
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[76] Bodel,“From Columbaria to Catacombs,” 222.
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[77] K. Bowes,Private Worship,Public Values,and Religious Change in Late Antiquity (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2008).
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[78] K. Cooper,The Fall of the Roman Household (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2007).
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[79] Sotinel,Identité civique et christianisme ,67-71.
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[80] 特别参见Potter,The Roman Empire at Bay ,441-581。
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[81] Ammianus Marcellinus,Res gestae 30.9.1,Rolfe,3:368,Hamilton,p. 407. 对瓦伦提尼安的行政系统实际作为的精心研究,参见Schmidt-Hofner,Reagieren und Gestalten 。
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[82] 特别参见H. C. Brennecke,Hilarius von Poitiers und die Bisch of sopposition gegen Konstantius II:Untersuchungen zur dritten Phase des Arianischen Streites (337-361) ,Patristische Texte und Studien 26 (Berlin:de Gruyter,1984);D.H. Williams,Ambrose of Milan and the End of the Arian-Nicene Conflicts (Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995)。
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[83] J.F. Matthews,Western Aristocracies and Imperial Court,A.D. 364-425 (Oxford:Clarendon Press,1975),145-59.
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[84] N.B. McLynn,Ambrose of Milan:Church and Court in a Christian Capital (Berkeley:University of California Press,1994),1-52.
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[85] V.Escribano,“Heresy and Orthodoxy in Fourth Century Hispania:Arianism and Priscillianism,” in Hispania in Late Antiquity ,121-49.
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