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(137) Charles Darwin, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals , with an introduction,afterword, and commentaries by Paul Ekman (3rd edn., New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), 74,转引自Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History”, 835。
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(138) Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History”.
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(139) Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History”, 827.
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(140) Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History”, 828.
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(141) Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History”, 842.
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(142) 对于中世纪不同的情感共同体之间在情感规范方面的差异,罗森宛恩有了新的认识。如今,她认为可能的变化幅度没有她在20世纪90年代和21世纪初所认为的那么大,见Plamper, “History of Emotions”, 256—257。
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(143) Barbara H. Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages (Ithaca, NY
:Cornell University Press, 2006), 2.
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(144) Rosenwein, “Worrying about Emotions in History”, 24.
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(145) 2009年7月6日,在柏林马克斯· 普朗克人类发展研究所情感史中心的一次演讲中,罗森宛恩提到现代大众传播媒介也使建立成员之间没有直接接触的情感共同体成为可能。
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(146) Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages , 26.
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(147) 关于罗森宛恩的方法论,见Plamper, “History of Emotions”, 253—254; Rosenwein,“Thinking Historically about Medieval Emotions”, 833—836; Barbara H. Rosenwein,“Problems and Methods in the History of Emotions”, Passions in Context: Journal of the History and Philosophy of the Emotions , 1 (2010), 12—24。
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(148) 她在2009年7月6日的柏林演讲中明确了这一点。
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(149) 她还把形象和音乐视为可能的史料,见Plamper, “History of Emotions”, 254—255。
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(150) 见她2009年7月在柏林的演讲。
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(151) Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages , 26—29.
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(152) 见本书第四章。罗森宛恩认为雷迪的情感体制是现代的、二元的(一方面,把宫廷或国家作为一种情感体制;另一方面,将社团或沙龙和共济会作为一种情感避难所)。她认为情感共同体概念更加多元和开放。此外,在雷迪的理论框架中,情感体制要适应情感导航、情感苦难和情感自由,而情感共同体的概念则没有这样的负担,见Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages , 23。
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(153) 罗森宛恩本人明确试图在她的情感共同体中为雷迪的“情感体制”保留一席之地,见Rosenwein, Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages , 25。
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(154) 关于现代早期的情感,见Gail Kern Paster, Katherine Rowe, and Mary Floyd-Wilson(eds.), Reading the Early Modern Passions: Essays in the Cultural History of Emotion (Philadelphia
:University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004); Nicole Eustace, Passion Is the Gale: Emotion, Power, and the Coming of the American Revolution (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008);Andreas Bähr, Furcht und Furchtlosigkeit: Göttliche Gewalt und Selbstkonstitution im 17. Jahrhundert (Göttingen: V&R unipress, 2013); Vera Lind and Otto Ulbricht (eds.), Emotions in Early Modern Europe and Colonial North America (Washington, D. C.: German Historical Institute Washington, 2002)。
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(155) Susan C. Karant-Nunn, The Reformation of Feeling: Shaping the Religious Emotions in Early Modern Germany (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), 7, 60—62, 96—99, 128—131, 254—255.
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(156) 转引自Ute Frevert, Gefühlspolitik: Friedrich II. als Herr über die Herzen? (Göttingen: Wallstein, 2012), 126。
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(157) 转引自Ute Frevert, Gefühlspolitik: Friedrich II. als Herr über die Herzen? (Göttingen: Wallstein, 2012), 126.
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(158) “无聊”在德语中是“Langeweile”,字面意思是“很长时间”,见Martina Kessel,Langeweile: Zum Umgang mit Zeit und Gefühlen in Deutschland vom späten 18. bis zum frühen 20. Jahrhundert (Göttingen: Wallstein, 2001), 19, 26。
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(159) Susan J. Matt, Homesickness: An American History (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), 198—200, 254—255.在这本书中,马特的叙述读起来就像一部以情感为中心的移民史。另一部类似的文本见Sonia Cancian, Families, Lovers, and their Letters: Italian Postwar Migration to Canada (Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 2010)。
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(160) Alain Corbin, The Village of Cannibals: Rage and Murder in France, 1870 , trans. Arthur Goldhammer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992) [Fr. orig., Le Village des cannibals , 1991], 90.我要感谢马克· 埃利(Marc Elie)提醒我这部作品的存在。又见波勒· 珀蒂捷(Paule Petitier)和希尔万· 维内尔(Sylvain Venayre)对科尔班的采访:“Entretien avec Alain Corbin”, Écrire l’histoire: Dossier emotions , 2 (2008), 109—114。
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(161) Corbin, Village of Cannibals , 91, 119.
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