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81 有了索引卡的帮忙,我们可以分类,再分类: 假设你今天需要给10个人打电话。你需要将每个人的名字与电话号码都写在卡片上,上面还得写一些你需要探讨的内容的备注。在你打第二个电话的过程中,你了解到一个关于第10个人的一些时间敏感的问题。你只需要将卡片拿出,将它放在最上面。你的购物清单呢?根据期望拿到东西的时间,你可以将卡片放在一摞。但某一天,你突然间开车到了杂物店附近,就可以将这些卡片拿出来放在顶上。
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83 保罗·西蒙会随身携带一个笔记本: 西蒙,P.,个人交流。 2013年9月19日,纽约。
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83 约翰·R. 皮尔斯:皮尔斯, J. R.,个人交流. 1999年1月3日,帕洛阿尔托,加拿大。
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83 马克·吐温、托马斯·杰斐逊和乔治·卢卡斯:McKay, B., & McKay, K. (2010, September 13). The pocket notebooks of 20 famous men [Web log message].摘自http://www.artofmanliness.com/2010/09/13/the-pocket-notebooks-of-20-famous-men/。
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第3章
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88 各种各样我们今天不再食用的食物: Bryson, B. (2010). At home: A short history of private life. New York, NY: Doubleday, pp. 52–53.
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Steyn, P. (2011). Changing times, changing palates: The dietary impacts of Basuto adaptation to new rulers, crops, and markets, 1830s–1966. In C. Folke Ax, N. Brimnes, N. T. Jensen, & K. Oslund (Eds.), Cultivating the colonies: Colonial states and their environmental legacies (pp. 214–236). Columbus, OH: Ohio University Press.
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Hopkins, J. (2004). Extreme cuisine: The weird & wonderful foods that people eat. North Clarendon, VT: Tuttle Publishing.
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88 主人会告诉仆人们:Bryson, B. (2010). At home: A short history of private life. New York, NY: Doubleday, p. 80.
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88 直到1600年: Bryson, B. (2010). At home: A short history of private life. New York, NY: Doubleday, pp. 56–61.
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88 2260件看得见的物品:Arnold, J. E., Graesch, A. P., Ragazzini, E., & Ochs, E. (2012). Life at home in the twenty-first century: 32 families open their doors. Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press at UCLA.
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Segerstrom, S. C., & Miller, G. E. (2004). Psychological stress and the human immune system: a meta-analytic study of 30 years of inquiry. Psychological Bulletin, 130(4), 601–630.
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88废弃的旧家具:直接摘自 Kolbert, E. (2012, July 2). Spoiled rotten. The New Yorker.
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88 3/4的美国人都认为:Teitell, B. (2012, July 10). Boxed in, wanting out. The Boston Globe.
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88 女性的皮质醇水平(应激激素):spike Green, P. (2012, June 28). The way we live: Drowning in stuff. The New York Times, p. D2.
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88 皮质醇水平升高会导致: Kirschbaum, C., Wolf, O. T., May, M., Wippich, W., & Hellhammer, D. H. (1996). Stress-and treatment-induced elevations of cortisol levels associated with impaired declarative memory in healthy adults. Life Sciences, 58(17), 1475–1483.
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Lupien, S. J., Nair, N. P. V., Brière, S., Maheu, F., Tu, M. T., Lemay, Μ., … Meaney, M. J. (1999). Increased cortisol levels and impaired cognition in human aging: Implication for depression and dementia in later life. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 10(2), 117–140.
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Melamed, S., Ugarten, U., Shirom, A., Kahana, L., Lerman, Y., & Froom, P. (1999). Chronic burnout, somatic arousal and elevated salivary cortisol levels. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 46(6), 591–598.
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88 抑制人体的免疫系统: Maule, A. G., Schreck, C. B., & Kaattari, S. L. (1987). Changes in the immune system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) during the parr-to-smolt transformation and after implantation of cortisol. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 44(1), 161–166.
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92 都会在同一个性别分类:裤子进一步的分类可能包括喇叭裤、裤脚套鞋面的、暗扣的、拉链拉开的、预先洗涤的、酸洗的等。这与文件夹逻辑一样,取决于总项数。如果商店备有大量现货,那么按照我所描述的方式进行分类就是有意义的。但是,如果你去一家小型的时装店,他们可能只会按照尺寸进行6种分类。
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93 提供最多的信息:Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B. B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27–48). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
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94 他的海马体:Lavenex, P., Steele, M. A., & Jacobs, L. F. (2000). Sex differences, but no seasonal variations in the hippocampus of food-caching squirrels: A stereological study. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 425(1), 152–166.
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94 伦敦出租车司机都需要: Harrison, L. (2012, August 6). Taxi drivers and the importance of ‘The Knowledge’. The Telegraph.
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No GPS! Aspiring London taxi drivers memorize a tangle of streets [Video file]. (2013, April 11). NBC News. 摘自 www. nbcnews. com。
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