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212 我们睡觉时……信息处理程序：Walker, M. P., & Stickgold, R. (2010). Overnight alchemy: Sleep-dependent memory evolution. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11(3), 218.
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212 组合成一个无缝整体：正如Walker & Stickgold (2010) 所写的那样：“隔夜巩固已经成为序列打字机械训练的一部分，用以学习打出数字序列，例如4-1-3-2-1-3-2-1-4。初始阶段，序列被分成较小的模块（例如，413-21-3214）。经过一夜之后，这些序列得到巩固，无需中断就可以完整打出（也就是 413213214）。”
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这段话描述了以下前人的成果：Kuriyama, K., Stickgold, R., & Walker, M. P. (2004). Sleep-dependent learning and motor-skill complexity. Learning & Memory, 11(6), 705–713.
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213 ATP（神经信令辅酶）升高：Dworak, M., McCarley, R. W., Kim, T., Kalinchuk, A. V., & Basheer, R. (2010). Sleep and brain energy levels: ATP changes during sleep. The Journal of Neuroscience, 30(26), 9007–9016.
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213 这是在相同时间内保持清醒：Barrett, T. R., & Ekstrand, B. R. (1972). Effect of sleep on memory: III. Controlling for time-of-day effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 96(2), 321–327.
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Fischer, S., Hallschmid, M., Elsner, A. L., & Born, J. (2002). Sleep forms memory for finger skills. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(18), 11987–11991.
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Huber, R., Ghilardi, M. F., Massimini, M., & Tononi, G. (2004). Local sleep and learning. Nature, 430(6995), 78–81.
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Jenkins, J. G., & Dallenbach, K. M. (1924). Obliviscence during sleep and waking. American Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 605–612.
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Plihal, W., & Born, J. (1997). Effects of early and late nocturnal sleep on declarative and procedural memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9(4), 534–547.
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Stickgold, R., James, L., & Hobson, J. A. (2000). Visual discrimination learning requires sleep after training. Nature Neuroscience, 3(12), 1237–1238.
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Stickgold, R., Whidbee, D., Schirmer, B., Patel, V., & Hobson, J. A. (2000). Visual discrimination task improvement: A multistep process occurring during sleep. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12(2), 246–254.
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Walker, M., Brakefield, T., Morgan, A., Hobson, J. A., & Stickgold, R. (2002). Practice with sleep makes perfect: Sleep dependent motor skill learning. Neuron, 35(1), 205–211.
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213 休息一夜之后……演奏某首曲子 ：Allen, S. (2013). Memory stabilization and enhancement following music practice. Psychology of Music. Advance online publication. 摘自 http:// pom. sagepub. com。
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213 相同的时间内保持清醒：Wagner, U., Gais, S., Haider, H., Verleger, R., & Born, J. (2004). Sleep inspires insight. Nature, 427(6972), 352–355.
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213 解决那些需要深入了解问题：Wagner, U., Gais, S., Haider, H., Verleger, R., & Born, J. (2004). Sleep inspires insight. Nature, 427(6972), 352–355.
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214 梦到了游戏有关的抽象元素：Stickgold, R., Malia, A., Maguire, D., Roddenberry, D., & O’Connor, M. (2000). Replaying the game: Hypnagogic images in normals and amnesiacs. Science, 290(5490), 350–353
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215 这些梦境没有那么生动形象：Siegel, J. (2006). The stuff dreams are made of: Anatomical substrates of REM sleep. Nature Neuroscience, 9(6), 721–722.
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215乙酰胆碱和皮质醇水平的提高：Hasselmo, M. E. (1999). Neuro-modulation: Acetylcholine and memory consolidation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3(9), 351–59.
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215 快速眼动睡眠期间不同脑区之间的关联链接：Jones, M. W., & Wilson, M. A. (2005). Theta rhythms coordinate hippocampal-prefrontal interactions in a spatial memory task. PLoS Biology, 3(12), e402.
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216 从一个状态切换到另一种状态：Lu, J., Sherman, D., Devor, M., Saper, C. B. (2006, June 1). A putative flip-flop switch for control of REM sleep. Nature, 441, 589–594.
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216 清晨之后的更长时间：Domhoff, G. W. (2002). The scientific study of dreams: Neural networks, cognitive development, and content analysis. Washington, DC: APA Press.
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有序：关于心智效率的认知科学 216 清晨快速眼动睡眠的最后90分钟：Stickgold, R. (2005). Sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Nature, 437, 1272–1278.
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American Psychological Association. (n. d.). Why sleep is important and what happens when you don’t get enough. 摘自 http:// www. apa. org/ top ics/ sleep/ why. aspx? item= 11。
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216 好好休息两晚：Stickgold, R., James, L., & Hobson, J. A. (2000). Visual discrimination learning requires sleep after training. Nature Neuroscience, 3(12), 1237–1238.
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217 神经元代谢的基本属性：Domhoff, G. W. (2002). The scientific study of dreams: Neural networks, cognitive development, and content analysis. Washington, DC: APA Press.
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