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[6] Vitruvius(De Architectura,III,I,2)认为有八种,达·芬奇遵循了他的教条(See J.P.Richter,op.cit.,I,172)。Durer则在其Four Books of Proportion(Nurnberg,1528)中给出了人体画法的七种到十种比例(See W.M.Conway,Literary Remains of Albrecht Durer,Cambridge,1889,pp.232-9)。
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[7] Critical Review,III,367:“……与作者的观点正好相反,我们坚持认为人体的适当比例永远可以导向美。”
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[8] 这种“类比”出现在Vitruvius,De Architectura,III,I,3.达·芬奇的画作阐释了前者的观点,see J.P.Richter,op.cit.,Plate XVIII.
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[9] 对整齐匀称的园艺设计的嘲笑,到1959年时就已经非常流行了。Cf.Addison,Spectator No.414(25 June 1712);Pope,Guardian No.173(29 Sept.1713)and Moral Essay No.IV(1731),ll.113-20.
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[10] Cf.Gorgias,474-5.
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[11] Dixon Wecter提示说,这里说的可能是去往位于中殿法学院附近的希腊咖啡屋的路,“这里是剧作家、评论家和演员们出没的地方,而很少见到显贵的律师们”。(“The Missing Years on Burke’s Biography”,P.M.L.A.,LIII,III9,n.48.)
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[12] See Introduction,pp.lxii-lxiii.
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[13] 下面对猴子的评论不禁让人想起了亚里士多德,Historia animalium,II,502 a-b.(关于这一承继关系,请参阅William C.McDermott,The Ape in Antiquity,Baltimore,1938.)
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[14] “诡辩”一词是培根对于这一伊索寓言的归纳(Essay LIV,“Of Vain Glory”),但事实却并非如此。Laurentius Abstemius寓言之十六(Lorenzo Bevilaqua,fl.c.1500)如此写道:“De quae quadrigis insidens pulverem se excitasse dicebat.”如果伯克阅读过Abstemius(而非仅仅读过培根),他的材料或许就不会像一般的教科书了,Aesopi phrygis fabulae…una cum nonnullis variorum autorum fabulis(edn.Cambridge,1670,p.62),or Roger L’Estrange,Fables of Aesop and other eminent mythologists with moral reflections(8th edn.,1738,no.270).
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[15] George Graham(1673-1751),出身于英国钟表和手表制造世家。他发明了水银钟摆和钟表的直进式擒纵结构。(See F.J.Britten,Old Clocks and Watches and their Makers,1911.)
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[16] See Introduction,p.xxi.See also M.Akenside,The Pleasures of Imagination(7th edn.,1765),I,360-76.
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[17] Bellum Catilinae,LIV(misquoted).在另外一处,伯克也表达了对萨卢斯特作为一名历史学家的敬佩,称赞他“对人物品质的刻画无与伦比”,see the letter to Shackleton,21,Mar.1747(Samuels,Early Life,P.129).18世纪的著作中经常见到对凯撒和加图的比较,e.g.Hume,A Treatise of Human Nature(ed.Green and Grose,1898),II,362-3.
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[18] 这一脚注应该是“参阅第四部分,第二十三节”。
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[19] Analysis of Beauty(1753).关于“线性美”,see chapters IX-X;“变化”,passim;“突出棱角的形体”,chapter IV.Cf.Introduction,pp.xxii-xxiii.
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[20] J.E.Spingarn曾专门讨论了这一术语,Critical Essays of the 17th Century,I,c.
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[21] L’Allegro,ll.135-42(misquoted).
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[22] The Merchant of Venici,V,i,69(misquoted).
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[23] Pope,Essay on Man,II,213-4(misquoted).
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(1) 参阅第四部分,第二十一节。
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(2) 参阅第四部分,第二十三节。
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(3) 参阅第四部分,第二十五节。
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(4) L’Allegro.
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(5) 当听到甜美的音乐时,我从未感觉到欣喜。——莎士比亚
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