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见证文学的道德意义:反叛和“后灾难”共同人性
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1Emil Fackenhaim,To Mend the World:Foundations of Future Jewish Thought.New York:Schochen Books,1982.
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2Maurice Friedman,“Elie Wiesel:The Job of Auschwitz.”In Harry James Cargas,ed.,Responses to Elie Wiesel. New York:Persea Books,1978,p. 229.
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3Graham B. Walker,Jr.,“Transfiguration.”In Rosemary Horowitz,ed.,Elie Wiesel and the Art of Storytelling. Jefferson,N.C.:McFarland,2006,p. 156.
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4Naomi Seidman,“Elie Wiesel and the Scandal of Jewish Rage.”Jewish Social Studies 1∶3(Fall 1996),p. 5.
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5Graham B. Walker,Jr.,“Transfiguration.”In Rosemary Horowitz,ed.,Elie Wiesel and the Art of Storytelling. Jefferson,N.C.:McFarland,2006,p. 157.
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6Maurice Friedman,To Deny Our Nothingness:Contemporary Images of Man. New York:Delta,1967,p. 27.
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7Elie Wiesel,A Jew Today. Trans. Marion Wiesel. New York:Random House,1978,p. 22.
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8Elie Wiesel and PhilippeMichael de SaintCheron,Evil and Exile. Trans. Jon Rothschild. Notre Dame,N.C.:University of Notre Dame Press,1990,p. 15.
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9Maurice Friedman,“Elie Wiesel:The Job of Auschwitz.”
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10萨弗朗斯基:《恶:或者自由的戏剧》,卫茂平译,云南人民出版社2001年版,第263页。
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11Harold Fisch,A Remembered Future. Bloomington:Indiana University Press,1984,pp. 6669.
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12Graham B. Walker,Jr.,“Transfiguration.”In Rosemary Horowitz,ed.,Elie Wiesel and the Art of Storytelling. Jefferson,N.C.:McFarland,2006,pp. 159160.
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13Rosemary Horowitz,ed.,Elie Wiesel and the Art of Storytelling,“Introduction,”p. 6.
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14Elie Wiesel,All Rivers Run to the Sea. Trans. Marion Wiesel. New York:Alfred A. Knopf,1997,p. 189.
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15See Maurice Friedman,“The Dialogue with the Absurd:The Later Camus and Franz Kafka”In To Deny Our Nothingness.Josephine Knopp,“Wiesel and the Absurd.”In In Harry James Cargas,ed.,Responses to Elie Wiesel,pp. 92101.维赛尔还深受法国“新小说”的影响。“新小说”常常叩问什么是现实,什么是人的时间和因果观念,这些观念有怎样的实质意义和局限。这样的哲学思考在维赛尔那里更是与神学思考融合在一起。
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16Elie Wiesel and PhilippeMichael de SaintCheron,Evil and Exile.Trans. Jon Rothschild. Notre Dame,N.C.:University of Notre Dame Press,1990,p. 12.
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17Elie Wiesel,“Jewish Values in the PostHolocaust Future.”Judaism XVI(Summer 1967),p. 281.
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18Harold Schulweiss,“Man and God:The Moral Partnership. ”Jewish Heritage Reader.New York:Kaplinger Publishing,1968,pp. 118121.
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19Elie Wiesel,Night.Trans. Stella Rodway. New York:Hill and Wang,1960,pp. 23,53.
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20Emil Fackenheim,God’s Presence in History. New York:New York University Press,1978,p. 76.
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21Ibid.,p68.
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22Maurice Friedman,To Deny Our Nothingness,p. 338.
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23Albert Camus,The Myth of Sisyphus.New York:Random House,1955,pp. 4,21.
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24Albert Camus,The Rebe:An Essay on Man in Revolt. Trans. Anthony Bower. New York:Vintage Book,1956,p. 21.
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