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[27] Daniel A. Bell, The China Model: Political Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015).
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[28] Daniel A. Bell, Timothy Garton Ash, Andrew J. Nathan, Taisu Zhang, “Is the China Model Better Than Democracy?” (October 19, 2015), http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/10/19/chinademocracy-theory-communist-party-politics-model/.
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[29] Andrew Nathan, “Beijing Bull: The Bogus China Model,” National Interest, November/December 2015, Issue 140, pp. 73-81.
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[30] SPECIAL REPORT: “After ‘The Last Intellectuals’,” The Chronicle of Higher Education(November 29, 2015), http://chronicle.com/specialreport/After-The-Last/16.
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[31] Russell Jacoby, “The Latest Intellectuals,” The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 29, 2015), http://chronicle.com/article/The-Latest-Intellectuals/234339?cid=cp16.
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[32] Claire Bond Potter, “Is the Internet the Final Bohemia?” The Chronicle of Higher Education(November 29, 2015), http://chronicle.com/article/Is-the-Internet-the-Final/234348?cid=cp16.
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[33] Mark Greif, “What’s Wrong With Public Intellectuals?” The Chronicle of Higher Education(February 13, 2015), http://chronicle.com/article/Whats-Wrong-With-Public/189921/.
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[34] Sudhir Hazareesingh, How the French Think: An Affectionate Portrait of an Intellectual People(Basic Books, 2015).
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[35] 参见作者的两篇文章:Sudhir Hazareesingh, “Does France still think?” The Guardian (June 13, 2015); Sudhir Hazareesingh, “The Dimming of the Light,” Aeon (September 22, 2015), https://aeon.co/essays/french-thought-once-dazzled-the-world-what-went-wrong。
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[36] Peter Singer, The Most Good You Can Do: How Effective Altruism Is Changing Ideas About Living Ethically (Yale University Press, 2015).
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[37] Peter Singer, “The Logic of Effective Altruism,” Boston Review (July/August 2015), Vol. 40 Issue 4, pp. 14-31.
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[38] Mathew Snow, “Against Charity” (August 25, 2015), https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/08/ peter-singer-charity-effective-altruism/.
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[39] Peter Singer, “The Logic of Effective Altruism,” Boston Review (July/August 2015), Vol. 40 Issue 4, pp. 14-31.
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[40] “The Edge Question 2015: What Do You Think About Machines That Think?”(http://edge.org/annual-question/what-do-you-think-about-machines-that-think).
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[41] http://www.sciencespo.fr/ecole-doctorale/en/content/hannah-arendt-forty-years-later.
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[42] http://filmforum.org/film/vita-activa-the-spirit-of-hannah-arendt-film.
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[43] Corey Robin, “The Trials of Hannah Arendt,” The Nation (June 1, 2015), pp. 12-25.
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[44] James McAuley, “Shadow and Substance,” https://aeon.co/essays/belonging-and-exile-madehannah-arendt-a-cosmopolitan.
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[45] Barry Gewen, “Hans Morgenthau and Hannah Arendt: An Intellectual Passion,” The National Interest, September/October 2015, Issue 139, pp. 66-71.
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2000年以来的西方 2014年
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冷战终结二十五年:思想激辩的开启
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在柏林墙倒塌的1989年,西方世界对自身的理论、制度与道路获得了前所未有的自信。“历史终结论”适时地彰显了这种自信并成为其思想标志。而在二十五年后的今天,西方思想界弥漫着困顿与焦灼的气氛,透露出冷战结束以来最为深重的信心危机。有评论家将2014年称作“震惊之年”(a year of shocks)。冲击并非来自特定的困境或混乱本身,而是因为“以往用以控制这些混乱的力量与原则的结构不复存在”。这种秩序结构的丧失造成了一种“明确无误的瓦解感”,这才是震惊的根本缘由。[1]
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然而,困顿、焦灼与震惊也预示着摆脱盲目自信的觉醒,这是克服自我迷信和矫正思想教条化的起点。2014年的西方思想界正在重新开启一个激辩的时代。
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