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[3] Noam Chomsky: WikiLeaks Cables Reveal “Profound Hatred for Democracy on the Part of Our Political Leadership,” Democracy Now!, November 30, 2010 (http://www.democracynow.org).
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[4] “Noam Chomsky Backs Wikileaks Protests in Australia,” Green Left Weekly, December 10, 2010 (http://www.greenleft.org.au).
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[5] Michael Moore, “Why I’m Posting Bail Money for Julian Assange,” December14, 2010.
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[6] Umberto Eco,“Not such Wicked Leaks Libération,”December 2, 2010. 英文翻译参照http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/article/414871-not-such-wicked-leaks。
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[7] Frank Furedi, “WikiLeaks: This Isn’t Journalism . It’s Voyeurism,” Spiked, November 30, 2010 (http://www.spiked-online.com).
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[8] 参见http://www.tnr.com/topics/wikileaks。
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[9] Todd Gitlin, “Everything Is Data, but Data Isn’t Everything,” December 7, 2010. (http://www.tnr.com).
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[10] “Is WikiLeaks’Julian Assange a Hero? Glenn Greenwald Debates Steven Aftergood of Secrecy News,” Democracy Now! December 3, 2010 (http://www.democracynow.org).
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[11] Edward Carr, “The Dangers of a Rising China,” The Economist, December 4, 2010, p. 13.
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[12] Edward Carr, “Special Report: China’s Place in the World,” The Economist, December 4, 2010, p. 52.
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[13] “Does Moral Action Depend on Reasoning? Thirteen Views on the Question,” Spring 2010(www.templeton.org/reason).
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[14] “Symposium on Socialism,” Dissent, Summer 2010.
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[15] Michael Kazin,“Introduction”; Sheri Berman,“What Happened to the European Left?”; Robin Blackburn,“Socialism and the Current Crisis”; Jack Clark,“What Would a Real Socialist President Do?”; Michael Walzer, “Which Socialism?”Dissent, Summer 2010, pp. 23-43.
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[16] Ayaan Hirsi Ali, NOMAD: From Islam to America: A Personal Journey Through the Clash of Civilizations, Free Press, 2010.
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[17] Nicholas D. Kristof, “The Gadfly,” New York Times, May 30, 2010, p. BR22.
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[18] Susan Jacoby, “Multiculturalism and Its Discontents,” Big Questions Online, August 19, 2010(http://www.bigquestionsonline.com).
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[19] 会议议程参见http://www.luiss.edu/dptssp/node/143/。
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[20] 参见Kwame Anthony Appiah, “Religious Faith and John Rawls,” The New York Review of Books, Vol. 57,No. 19,December 9,2010,pp. 51-52。
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[21] John Rawls, A Brief Inquiry into the Meaning of Sin and Faith (with“On My Religion”), Thomas Nagel (ed.), Harvard University Press, 2009.
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2000年以来的西方 2009年
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新资本主义还是新世界?
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距离“二月事件”不到二十年,世界经济出现了严重的危机。今年5月,著名法律经济学家理查德·波斯纳出版了新著,其书名点出了他对这场经济危机的诊断:这是“资本主义的一场失败”(中译本将书名做了更为耸动的修饰,译作“资本主义的失败”)。[1]反讽的是,1989年的幻灭感似乎在二十年后再度出现,却是以“命运逆转”(reversal of fortune)的方式指向“资本主义”——这个许多人曾天真而热烈地寄予的希望。在历经了双重幻灭之后,未来的希望何在?人们是否会像二十年前“拥抱资本主义”那样热切地投身于对社会主义的期望?
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2009年的西方思想界,既有对“复兴社会主义”的呼吁,也有对“改造资本主义”的诉求。但是,无论是“复兴”还是“改造”,都必须面对曾经的历史教训。左翼(托派)理论家艾伦·伍兹认为,当前的危机显示,人民需要的不是资本主义而是社会主义,但不是那种官僚集权式的社会主义。我们需要返回“真正的民主社会主义——马克思、恩格斯、李卜克内西和罗莎·卢森堡的社会主义”[2]。同样,许多资本主义的辩护者,也诉诸“理想的”而非“现实存在的”(也是陷入危机的)资本主义。在新的思想辩论中,每一方都将现实中的失败归咎于(社会主义或资本主义的)不良“变种”,而其“纯正的”版本似乎永远立于不败之地。“冷战思维”作为一种认知模式与政治想象,并没有随着柏林墙的崩塌而消失,甚至深藏在许多冷战思维指控者自身的批判意识中。但我们仍然需要这类标签吗?或者,我们应当给旧的标签赋予新的意义?
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