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(48) 参见A. Giddens的Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis (London and Berkeley, 1979)一书的论证。
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(49) 奇怪的是，Gordon并没有使用这个概念。但是，他在其他著作中已经有效地使用了这个概念，例如Gordon, D., Theories of poverty and Underemployment: Orthodox, Radical and Dual Labour Market Perspectives, New York, 1972; Gordon, D., Edwards, R. and Reich, M., Segmented Work, Divided Workers: the Historical Transformation of Labor in the United States, Cambridge, 1982。
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(50) 参见Norris, R., “Towards a Sociology of Labour Markets,” mimeo, 1980; 也见Lever, W. F., “Industry and Labour Markets in Great Britain” in Hamilton, F. E. I. and Linge, G. J. R., eds., Spatial Analysis, Industry and the Industrial Environment: vol 1: Industrial Systems, New York, 1979, pp. 89－114。关于近来地方劳动力市场比较研究方法局限性的总结，参见Warde, A., “Comparability in Local Studies: The Case of Deindustrialisation of Lancaster,” Lancaster Regionalism Group, Working Paper, 1982, NO. 4, pp. 25－35。
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(51) 一个重要的例子是: Edwards, R., Contested Terrain: the Transformation of the Work-place in the Twentieth Century, London and New York, 1979。关于对Edwards劳动力市场研究方法的批判，参见Penn, R., “The Contested Terrain: A Critique of R. C. Edwards’s Theory of Working Class Fractions and Politics” in Day, G. et al., eds., Diversity and Decomposition in the Labour market, Farnborough, 1982, pp. 93－106。
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(52) Storper, M. and Walker, R., “The Theory of Labour and The Theory of Location,” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 1983, Vol. 7, pp. 1－44．乍看起来，这个模型显得非常复杂，因此不可能将其成功运用于历史实例的解释。
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(53) Castells, M., The Urban Question, London, 1977, p. 445.
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(54) Ibid., p. 443.
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(55) Ibid., p. 444.
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(56) 例如，Lojkine, J., “Contribution to a Marxist Theory of Capitalist Urbanisation” in Pickvance, C., ed., Urban Sociology: Critical Essays, London, 1976, pp. 119－146; Lipietz, A., “The Structuration of Space, the Problem of Land and Spatial Policy” in Carney, J., Hudson, R. and Lewis, J., eds., Regions in Crisis, London, 1980, pp. 60－75。
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(57) Castells, M., The Urban Question, London, 1977, pp. 129－233.
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(58) Castells, M., The Urban Question, London, 1977, p. 451.
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(59) Castells, M., City, Class and Power, London, 1978, pp. 93－151.
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(60) 例如，Mingione, E., Social Conflict and the City, Oxford, 1981, p. 66。
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(61) Castells, M., City, Class and Power, London, 1978, p. 178.
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(62) Byrne, D., “Class and the Local State,” International Journal of urban and Regional Research, 1982, Vol. 6, pp. 61－82; Duncan, S. and Doodwin, M., “The Local State and Restructuring Social Relations,” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 1982, Vol. 6, pp. 157－186; Smith, S. L., “From Capitalist Domination to Urban Planning: Three Stages in the Urban Politics of Dartford 1814－1980,” mimeo.
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(63) Census 1911, Report for the Country of Lancashire, Table 25.
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(64) Ball, R. M., “The Use and Definition of Travel-to-work Areas in Great Britain: Some Problems,” Regional Studies, 1980, Vol. 14, pp. 125－139.
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(65) 参见Smout, T., “Aspects of Sexual Behaviour in Nineteenth-century Scotland” in MacLaren, A. A., ed., Social Class in Scotland: Past and Present, Edinburgh, 1976，其中有关于19世纪苏格兰私生比率地区变化的有趣讨论。
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(66) 例如，Gershuny, J. I. and Pahl, R. E., “Work Outside Employment: Some Preliminary Speculations,” New Universities Quarterly, 1979, Vol. 34, pp. 120－135; Pahl, R., “Employment, Work and the Domestic Division of Labour,” International Journal of urban and Regional Research, 1980, Vol. 4, pp. 1－20。
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(67) Urry, J., The Anatomy of Capitalist Societies: The Economy, Civil Society and the State, London: Macmillan, 1981, pp. 125－132.
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(68) Urry, J., “De-industrializtiom, Households and Forms of Social Conflict,” Lancaster Regionalism Group, Working Paper, 1981, No. 3; Urry, J., “Some Themes in the Analysis of the Anatomy of Contemporary Capitalist Societies,” Acta Sociologica, 1982, Vol. 25, pp. 405－418; Urry, J., “De－industrialisation, Classes and Politics” in King, R., ed., Capital and Politics, 1983, pp. 28－48; Murgatroyd, L. and Urry, J., “The Restructuring of a Local Economy: The Case of Lancaster” in Anderson, J., Duncan, S. and Hudson, R., eds., Redundant Spaces in Cities and Regions?, London: Academic Press, 1983, pp. 67－98.
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(69) Urry, J., “Some Themes in the Analysis of the Anatomy of Contemporary Capitalist Societies,” Acta Sociologica, 1982, Vol. 25, pp. 405－418; Urry, J., “De-industrialisation, Classes and Politics” in King, R., ed., Capital and Politics, 1983, pp. 28－48.
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(70) 参见Urry, J., “De-industrializtiom, Households and Forms of Social Conflict,” Lancaster Regionalism Group, Working Paper, 1981, no. 3; Urry, J., “Some Themes in the Analysis of the Anatomy of Contemporary Capitalist Societies,” Acta Sociologica, 1982, Vol. 25, pp. 405－418；也见Pahl为本书撰写的第11章。
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