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在写作《人们为什么遵守法律》一书时，我所关注的主要是怎样在美国大城市中对居民进行有效管理，怎样维持美国大城市的社会秩序的问题。但是，本书提出的理论观点实际上是具有普遍意义的。各种不同社会环境的管理者实际上都可以使用本书提出的方法有效维护社会秩序。近年来，采取什么样的方法才能有效维护社会秩序的问题已经引起社会管理者的广泛关注。现在，在世界范围内，有很多新兴国家存在社会秩序混乱问题，恐怖主义也给很多国家带来了前所未有的外部威胁。对世界各国来说，如何才能结束混乱局面，如何才能在与恐怖主义的斗争中获胜，都是一个核心、关键的问题。《人们为什么遵守法律》一书的观点是，各种群体、组织和社会的成员与他们的统治、管理者之间并不必然就是工具主义的利益交换关系，因此要实现对社会的有效控制，通过制裁进行威胁并不是唯一的方法。实际上，我们应该想办法来改变人们的价值观念，引导人们实现自律，让人们从观念上就认为服从法律和服从自己的领导者是应尽的义务。通过这种方式，我们同样能够引导人们自愿遵守当局制定的法律制度，服从当局和领导者发出的指令，从而有效维护社会秩序。
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