1702914414
1702914415
[3] Darryl Dee,Expansion and Crisis in Louis ⅩⅠⅤ’s France:Franche-Comte and absolute Monarchy,1674-1715 (Rochester,NY:University of Rochester Press,2009),3-4;Francois Crouzet,“The Second Hundred Years War:Some eflections,” French History 10,no. 4 (1996):432-33.
1702914416
1702914417
[4] Reed Browning,The War of the Austrian Succession (Stroud and New York:St. Martin’s Press,1993),32;H. M. Scott,The Emergence of the Eastern Powers,1756-1775 (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2001),23-25.
1702914418
1702914419
[5] 摘录自克莱先生(Mr. Clay)写给波恩塞特先生(Mr. Poinsett)的第一封信。波恩塞特1825年3月25日被国务院任命为美国驻墨西哥特派公使和全权公使,参见美国对外关系文件(American State Papers Foreign Relations),1:580. H. Doc. No. 42,25th Cong.,1st Sess.,8-10 (1837)。美国的主要策略是购买领土。1825年和1827年,约翰·昆西·亚当斯授权购买部分得克萨斯。参见MSS Archives,Department of State,Instructions to Agents in Mexico,Vol. 15,53-54。1835年,安德鲁·杰克逊授权购买得克萨斯以及大部分加利福尼亚。参见H. Doc. No. 351,25th Cong.,2nd Sess.,Vol. 12 (1838)。
1702914420
1702914421
[6] Matias Romero,Mexico and the United States. A study of subjects affecting their political,commercial and social relations,made with a view to their promotion (New York:G. P. Putnam,1898),374-76;Clayton Charles Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War (New York:The Faculty of the Graduate School,New York University,1914),vii-viii. 虽然罗梅罗(Romero)提供了墨西哥政权名单,但尚不清楚科尔是如何计算重新执政政府、替代政府、临时政府(ad interim)以及共同执政的政府得出三十五届的总数。
1702914422
1702914423
[7] H. Doc. No. 105,24th Cong.,2nd Sess.,Vol. 3,24-27 (1838);H. Doc. No. 3,25th Cong.,2nd Sess.,Vol. 1,40-108 (1837).
1702914424
1702914425
[8] H. Doc. No. 3,25th Cong.,2nd Sess.,Vol. 1,109 (1837).
1702914426
1702914427
[9] Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War,Appendix.
1702914428
1702914429
[10] Andrew Jackson,Special Message to Congress,February 6,1837(“除了最近这位墨西哥已故的特立独行的部长对我国政府和人民的侮辱之外,他们对我们造成伤害的时间之长,我们多次徒劳地申请赔偿,以及他们对我国公民财产和人员的暴行以及对美国官员和国旗肆无忌惮的侮辱,都会向所有国家证明我们立即发动战争是正义的。”);Martin van Buren,“First Annual Message,” Speech to the Congress of the United States,December 5,1837。
1702914430
1702914431
[11] 参见《调整美国公民对墨西哥索赔公约》(Convention for the Adjustment of Claims of Citizens of the United States Against Mexico),1839年4月11日缔结,1840年4月7日在华盛顿交换批文,1840年4月8日公布。关于墨西哥与美国之间仲裁程序的出色讨论,参见Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War,30-4。
1702914432
1702914433
[12] 参见《调整美国公民对墨西哥索赔公约》,第7条,1840;Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War,33。
1702914434
1702914435
[13] S. Doc. No. 320,27th Congress,2nd Session,Vol. 4,209-55 (1842). 有关未能审查所有索赔的评论,参见John Bassett Moore,History and Digest of the International Arbitrations to Which the United States Has Been a Part,Vol. 2 (Washington,DC:Government Printing Office,1898),1244-48。仲裁员根据案情拒绝了8项索赔,并认为另有10项需要司法审判,不宜仲裁。他们总共接受了索赔要求的三分之二。
1702914436
1702914437
[14] Daniel Webster,The Letters of Daniel Webster:From Documents Owned Principally by the New Hampshire Historical Society,ed. Claude Halstead Van Tyne (New York:McClure,Phillips & Company,1902),269-70.
1702914438
1702914439
[15] “根据1839年4月11日缔结的公约进一步向索赔人提供裁定赔偿款项的公约”,1843年1月30日缔结,1843年3月29日在华盛顿交换批文,1843年3月30日公布。
1702914440
1702914441
[16] Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War,54-56.
1702914442
1702914443
[17] James Buchanan to John Slidell,November 10,1854,in S. Doc. No. 52,30th Congress,1st Session,78-79;James K. Polk,The Diary of James K. Polk During His Presidency,1845 to 1849,Vol. 6,ed. Milo Milton Quaife (Chicago:A. C. McClurg & Co.,1910),33-35 (entry from September 16,1845).
1702914444
1702914445
[18] Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War,66.
1702914446
1702914447
[19] James K. Polk,“A special message calling for a declaration of war against Mexico,” Speech to the Congress of the United States,Washington,DC,May 11,1846.
1702914448
1702914449
[20] James K. Polk,“A special message calling for a declaration of war against Mexico,” Speech to the Congress of the United States,Washington,DC,May 11,1846.
1702914450
1702914451
[21] James K. Polk,“A special message calling for a declaration of war against Mexico,” Speech to the Congress of the United States,Washington,DC,May 11,1846.
1702914452
1702914453
[22] 波尔克回忆说,宣战后,他向他的国务卿詹姆斯·布坎南解释说:“尽管我们没有进行以征服为目的的战争,但很显然,在实现和平时,如果切实可行,我们会获取加利福尼亚和墨西哥其他领土以补偿我们对墨西哥的索赔,并支付战争的费用,因为这场战争是因它持续的错误和伤害而迫使我们发动的。”Polk,The Diary of James K. Polk During His Presidency,397 (entry from May 13,1846).
1702914454
1702914455
[23] U.S. Congress and Thomas Hart Benton,Abridgement of the Debates of Congress,from 1789 to 1856,Vol. 15 (New York:D. Appleton & Company,1861),506.
1702914456
1702914457
[24] Kohl,Claims as a Cause of the Mexican War,72.
1702914458
1702914459
[25] James Polk,“Second Annual Message,” Speech to the Congress of the United States,Washington,DC,December 8,1846.
1702914460
1702914461
[26] James Polk,“Third Annual Message,” Speech to the Congress of the United States,Washington,DC,December 7,1847. 这不是美国和墨西哥第一次就这些诉求考虑战争了。参见,例如 A Treaty of Amity,Commerce,and Navigation,between the United States of America and the United Mexican States,Art. 34,Sec. 3,April 5,1831。
1702914462
1702914463
[27] 1907年《海牙第二公约》禁止发动战争索偿债务,见The Hague conventions of 1899(I)and 1907(I)for the pacific settlement of international disputes (Washington,DC:The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,1915)。第一条规定:“缔约国同意不诉诸武力收回一国政府向另一国政府索偿属于其国民的契约债务。”然而,战争仍可能发动,如果“债务国拒绝或忽略答复仲裁提议,或者在接受提议后,阻止任何妥协以防止达成一致,或在仲裁后未能提交裁决赔偿”。
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.702914414e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]