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[30] Andrei Gromyko,Memories,trans. Harold Shukman (London:Hutchinson,1989),85.
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[31] Bohlen Minutes,February 4,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),590.
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[32] Arkady Vaksberg,Stalin’s Prosecutor:The Life of Andrei Vyshinsky (New York:Grove,1991)(quoting Sir Frank Roberts),252-53.
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[33] Bohlen Minutes,February 4,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),590.
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[34] Bohlen Minutes,February 4,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),590-91;Thomas M. Campbell and George C. Herring,eds.,The Diaries of Edward R. Stettinius,Jr.,1943-1946 (New York:New Viewpoints,1975),241.
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[35] Campbell and Herring eds.,The Diaries of Edward R. Stettinius,Jr.,1943-1946,at 241.根据斯特蒂纽斯自己的说法,他后来帮助首相更好地理解了这个问题。Campbell and Herring eds.,The Diaries of Edward R. Stettinius,Jr.,1943-1946,241-42.
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[36] Bohlen Minutes,February 5,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),611-33.
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[37] Bohlen Minutes,February 5,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),661.
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[38] 在正在讨论的草案中,这些事项属于安全理事会第八章管辖范围(今天的第六章“和平解决争端”)。Bohlen Minutes,February 5,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),661.
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[39] Churchill,Triumph and Tragedy,310. The account accords with the minutes of the meeting,Bohlen Minutes,February 6,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),665-66.
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[40] Bohlen Minutes,February 6,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),666.
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[41] Bohlen Minutes,February 6,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),711-13.
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[42] Bohlen Minutes,February 6,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),712.
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[43] Stephen Lehnstaedt,“The Minsk Experience:German Occupiers and Everyday Life in the Capital of Belarus,” in Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front,1941:Total War,Genocide and Radicalization,ed. Alex J. Kay,Jeff Rutherford,and David Stahel (Rochester,NY:University of Rochester Press,2012),240(据估计,白俄罗斯有160万人死亡,而其战前总人口为900万);Paul R. Magocsi,A History of Ukraine:The Land and Its People (Toronto:University of Toronto Press:1996),638(据估计,乌克兰有550万人死亡,占其总人口的15%);Timothy Snyder,Bloodlands:Europe Between Hitler and Stalin (New York:Basic Books,2010)。
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[44] Memorandum of Decisions Reached at the Crimean Conference in the Matter of the Two Soviet Republics,March 19,1945,FRUS,1945 (The Conferences at Malta and Yalta),991-92. Both were admitted in 1945.
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[45] Welles,Seven Decisions That Shaped History,193-94.
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[46] Welles,Seven Decisions That Shaped History,194.
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[47] John Morton Blum,From the Morgenthau Diaries:Years of War,1941-1945 (Boston:Houghton Mifflin,1967),416.
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[48] Samuel I. Rosenman,Working with Roosevelt (New York:Harper & Brothers,1952),546.
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[49] 罗斯福的这些话写于4月11日晚,也就是他死于脑出血的前夜。这是他计划于1945年4月14日晚上在温泉城的佐治亚大厅通过全国广播发表的讲话的一部分。
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[50] Grace Tully,F.D.R. My Boss (New York:Charles Scribner’s Sons,1949),364.
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[51] Townsend Hoopes and Douglas Brinkley,FDR and the Creation of the U.N. (New Haven,CT:Yale University Press,1997),129.
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[52] “Sumner Welles,” Billboard 57,no. 6 (April 21,1945).
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[53] 会议结束后,杜鲁门总统毫不客气地敦促曾率领美国代表团前往旧金山的斯特蒂纽斯辞去国务卿一职,让詹姆斯·伯恩斯(James Byrnes)接替他的职位。杜鲁门邀请斯特蒂纽斯担任美国驻联合国代表,斯特蒂纽斯接受了这一职位。在那里,他和代表苏联的葛罗米柯将再次坐在桌子两侧。
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[54] “President Truman’s Address to Opening Session of the United Nations Conference on International Organization at San Francisco,” April 25,1945.
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