打字猴:1.703232141e+09
1703232141
1703232142 (56)Council Regulation(EC)No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002.参见Europa homepage(cited 23 June 2003);网址http://europa.eu.int/comm/competition/citizen/citizen_antitrust.html#role。(阐述了竞争法的“根本性变革”,即“成员国竞争管理部门和法院更为直接地适用共同体竞争法规。”)也可参见,Press Release,Landmark Reform Simplifies and Strengthens Antitrust Enforcement,IP/02/1739。
1703232143
1703232144 (57)与世界知识产权组织(WIPO)相关的一个网络是斯德哥尔摩集团,该网络“成立于1996年,一批来自工业国家的决策者希望成立一个非正式论坛,讨论多媒体产品和数据库的版权保护问题,即1996年12月召开的世界知识产权组织外交会议上有待解决的两大问题。”他们继而定期举行会晤讨论WIPO相关问题。Cheek,“The Limits of International Regulatory Cooperation in International Affairs:A Review of the Global Intellectual Property Regime,”313-314.
1703232145
1703232146 (58)“North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation,”U.S._Can._Mex.,32 International Legal Materials 32(14 September 1993):1480.
1703232147
1703232148 (59)下文对《北美环境合作协定》的讨论以富尔顿(Fulton)和斯珀林(Sperling)的文献为基础,“The Network of Environmental Enforcement and Compliance Cooperation in North America and the Western Hemisphere.”作者分别是美国环保署(EPA)的副首席法律顾问和高级律师顾问。
1703232149
1703232150 (60)Ibid.,128.
1703232151
1703232152 (61)North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation,arts.8,9.
1703232153
1703232154 (62)Ibid.,5(1).
1703232155
1703232156 (63)Ibid.,arts.5(2),5(3).
1703232157
1703232158 (64)参见Fulton and Sperling “The Network of Environmental Enforcement and Compliance Cooperation,”129。
1703232159
1703232160 (65)Ibid.,131.
1703232161
1703232162 (66)North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation,arts.10(6).
1703232163
1703232164 (67)Swan,“NAFTA and the Juridification of Economic Relations in the Western Hemisphere.”
1703232165
1703232166 (68)Alan C.Swan,letter to author,25 July 1997.(On file with author.)
1703232167
1703232168 (69)“协调”作为共同体干预各国政策的主要手段,是为谋求统一欧共体成员国实体法规的立法行为。Dehousse,“Regulation by Networks in the European Community:The Role of European Agencies,”247-249.
1703232169
1703232170 (70)Ibid.
1703232171
1703232172 (71)Ibid.,249.
1703232173
1703232174 (72)Ibid.,249-251.
1703232175
1703232176 (73)Ibid.,254.
1703232177
1703232178 (74)Ibid.,255.“信息机构”是借用德乌斯的术语,他用该术语意指在欧盟出现的新一代机构。描述国际组织秘书处时,这一术语不常用,但名称上相通。
1703232179
1703232180 (75)Ibid.,254.
1703232181
1703232182 (76)Majone,“The New European Agencies:Regulation by Information,”262-263;Dehousse,“Regulation by Networks in the European Community,”255-257.德乌斯援引建立里斯本毒品监测中心的条例,指出“该中心仅限于信息及其处理领域,除此之外不会采取任何措施。”Article1(14)of Council Regulation EEC302/93,OJ No.L 36/1,12 February 1993,转引自 Ibid.,256-257.同样,理事会条例第1210/90号1990年5月7日规定欧洲环保局职责如下:“向成员国和欧共体提供信息;收集、分析和评估关于环境状况的数据;促进测量方法的统一;加强将欧洲环保信息纳入国际监测方案;确保数据传播;与其他欧共体机构和国际机构合作等。”参见Majone,“The New European Agencies,”263。
1703232183
1703232184 (77)Majone,“The New European Agencies,”263.
1703232185
1703232186 (78)Ibid.,267-268.
1703232187
1703232188 (79)Ibid.
1703232189
1703232190 (80)Ibid.
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