1703232778
1703232779
(93)Ibid.，348-349.
1703232780
1703232781
(94)Ibid.，352.
1703232782
1703232783
(95)Ladeur，“Towards a Legal Concept of the Network in European Standard-Setting,”157.
1703232784
1703232785
(96)Ibid.，161.
1703232786
1703232787
(97)Gerstenberg and Sabel，“Directly-Deliberative Polyarchy：An Institutional Ideal for Europe,”289-341.与对常态的、结构性信息集中使用并将其作为参照，上述两点与直接参与问题解决相结合，正体现了Dorf and Sabel 民主经验主义的核心观点。Dorf and Sabel，“A Constitution of Democratic Experimentalism,”267.
1703232788
1703232789
(98)See Cohen and Sabel，“Directly-Deliberative Polyarchy,”332-333.
1703232790
1703232791
(99)See Majone，“The New European Agencies.”
1703232792
1703232793
(100)Aviram，“Regulation by Network”（on file with author）.
1703232794
1703232795
(101)Ibid.，16-21.
1703232796
1703232797
(102)“Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transaction，OECD/DAFFE0/IME0/BR（97）16/FINAL 18 Dec.1997,”International Legal Materials 37（1998）.签约国数目可在经济合作与发展组织的主页上查到（cited 5 July 2003）；available from http://www.oecd.org/pdf/M000117000/M00017037.pdf。
1703232798
1703232799
(103)Basic principles on the Independence of the Judiciary，Seventh United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders，Milan，26 August-6 September 1985,UN Doc.A/CONF.121/22/Rev.1 at 59（1985）；“Center for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers,”on International Commission of Jurists homepage（cited 5 July 2003）；available from http://www.icj.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=40lang=en.
1703232800
1703232801
(104)See generally Hechter，Principles of Group Solidarity.
1703232802
1703232803
(105)关于以下讨论的很多见解，我深深地感谢我以前的学生Timothy Wu 和 Kal Raustiala,现在已经是法律教授的他们，在我执教的1997年关于跨国监管合作的研讨班上都提交了论文。两篇论文从不同的角度探讨了管理网络对权力的运用以及它们如何能够建立“没有法律的秩序”。
1703232804
1703232805
(106)Timothy Wu，“Order Without International Law — The Compliance Inducing Capacity of Transgovernmental Networks”（May 1997）（on file with author）.
1703232806
1703232807
(107)Ellickson，Order Without Law：How Neighbors Settle Disputes.
1703232808
1703232809
(108)Ellickson，Order Without Law；Bernstein，“Opting Out of Legal System：Extralegal Contractual Relations in the Diamond Industry,”115；idem，“Merchant Law in Merchant Court：Rethinking the Code’s Search for Immanent Business Norms,”1765.
1703232810
1703232811
(109)Olson，The Logic of Collective Action：Public Goods and the Theory of Groups，65.
1703232812
1703232813
(110)Olson，The Logic of Collective Action，61，quoted in Wu，“Order Without International Law,”11.
1703232814
1703232815
(111)Olson，The Logic of Collective Action，62.
1703232816
1703232817
(112)社会学家Sally Engle Merry认为有效的社会控制只有在“紧密持久的社会网络中”才有可能实现，因为在这个网络中有“同质的规范和价值。”Merry，Urban Danger：Life in a Neighborhood of strangers 196，quoted in Wu，“Order Without International Law,”23.
1703232818
1703232819
(113)Ellickson，Order Without Law，182，cited in Wu，“Order Without International Law,”12.
1703232820
1703232821
(114)Wu，“Order Without International Law,”14-15.
1703232822
1703232823
(115)Ibid.，2.
1703232824
1703232825
(116)Ibid.，1.
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1703232827
(117)Kapstein，Governing the Global Economy：International Finance and the State，45.
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