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32.Ibid., pp. 233ff.
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第八章：过渡的14世纪
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1.Marsilius of Padua, Defensor pacis, pp. 72–73.
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2.The Inferno of Dante, canto 3, line 60.
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3.Tierney, The Crisis of Church and State, pp. 185–86.
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4.Ibid., p. 187.
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5.But Antony Black describes it as a “masterpiece” in Political Thought in Europe, p. 60.
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6.Dante, Monarchy (1.4), pp. 8–9.
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7.Ibid. (1.3), p. 7.
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8.Ibid. (2.9), pp. 53–58.
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1703327387
9.Ibid. (3.10), pp. 80–81.
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10.Ibid. (3.8), p. 75.
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1703327391
11.Marsilius of Padua, Defensor pacis (1.1.3), pp. 4–5.
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12.Ibid. (1.2.1), p. 8.
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13.Ibid. (1.13.3), p. 51.
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14.Dahl, A Preface to Democratic Theory, pp. 63ff.
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15.Marsilius of Padua, Defensor pacis (2.3.2ff.), pp. 109ff.
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1703327401
16.William of Ockham, A Short Discourse on the Tyrannical Government.
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1703327403
17.Nicholas of Cusa, The Catholic Concordance.
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第九章：人文主义
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1703327407
1.Baron, In Search of Florentine Civic Humanism; Grafton in Burns and Goldie, eds., Cambridge History of Political Thought, 1450–1700, pp. 15ff.
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2.Machiavelli, “Exhortation,” in The Prince, pp. 87–91.
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3.E .g., Erasmus, The Education of a Christian Prince, below, pp. 302–6.
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4.Christine de Pizan, The City of Ladies, pp. 1–2, 237–40.
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5.Plato, The Republic (bk. 8), pp. 266ff.
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