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1703367301
10Quoted in Paul Taylor，See How They Run，New York：Knopf，1990，p. 20.
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1703367303
11David S. Broder，“Democracy and the Press，”Washington Post，January 3，1990：A15.
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12Jay Rosen，What Are Journalists？p. 62.
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1703367307
13Ibid.，p. 62.
1703367308
1703367309
14See for example，Craig Calhoun，ed.，Habermas and the Public Sphere，Cambridge，M. A.：The MIT Press，1992. Bruce Robbins，ed.，The Phantom Public Sphere，Minneapolis： University of Minnesota Press，1993.
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1703367311
15Jay Rosen，What Are Journalists？p. 62.
1703367312
1703367313
16Ibid.，p. 201.
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1703367315
17方汉奇：《新闻史的奇情异彩》，华文出版社2000年版，第104页。
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18Jay Rosen，What Are Journalists？，p. 202.
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1703367319
19Ibid.，p. 75.
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1703367321
20Ibid.，pp. 202203.
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21Ibid.，pp. 204205.
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1703367325
22Ibid.，p. 72.
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1703367327
23Walter Lippmann，Public Opinion，1922，reprint，New York： Free Press，1965，pp. 239249. The Phantom Public，New York：Harcourt Brace，1925，p. 155.
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1703367329
24John Dewey，“Public Opinion，”New Republic，May 3，1922，p. 286.
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1703367331
25John Dewey，The Later Works of John Dewey，19251953，Carbondale：Southern Illinois University Press，19811991，17，Vols. 2，pp.245246.
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26Jay Rosen，What Are Journalists，p. 67.
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1703367335
27Ibid.，p. 75.
1703367336
1703367337
28Tom Deluca，The Two Faces of Political Apathy，Philadelphia，P. A.： Temple University Press，1995，p. 135.
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29C. Wright Mills，The Power Elite，London：Oxford University Press，1956，p. 307.
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30Ibid.，p. 311.
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31Ibid.，p. 319.
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32Tom Deluca，The Two Faces of Political Apathy，p. 136.
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33Irving Louis Horowitz，ed.，Power，Politics and People，New York：Balantine Books，1963，pp. 19，20.
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34C. Wright Mills，“Culture and Politics，”in Irving Louis Horowitz，ed.，Power，Politics and People，1963，p. 245.
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