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[1] 列文沃思位于美国堪萨斯州,是美国陆军指挥参谋学院所在地。——译者注
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[2] 有关拉丁美洲,见Charles Wolf,Jr.,United States Policy and the Third World:Problems and Analysis (Boston,Little Brown and Company,1967),Chap. 5;John Duncan Powell,“Military Assistance and Militarism in Latin America,”Western Political Quarterly,18 (June 1965),382—392;Robert D. Putnam,“Toward Explaining Military Intervention in Latin American Politics,”World Politics. 20 (Oct. 1967),101—102,106。
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[3] Morris Janowitz,The Military in the Political Development of New Nations (Chićago,University of Chicago Press,1964),pp. 1,27—29.
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[4] 见David Rapoport,“A Comparative Theory of Military and Political Types,”in Huntington,ed.,Changing Patterns of Military Politics ,pp. 71—100,以及Rapoport,“Praetorianism:Government Without Consensus,”passim。亦可见阿莫斯·珀尔玛(Amos Perlmutter)有关军事干预的独立研究,该研究的观点与本章有共鸣之处:“The Praetorian State and the Praetorian Army:Towards a Theory of Civil-Military Relations in Developing Politics”(unpublished paper,Institute of International Studies,University of California〔Berkeley〕)。
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[5] 见Bruce H. Millen,The Political Role of Labor in Developing Countries (Washington,D.C.,The Brookings Institution,1963);Sidney C. Sufrin,Unions in Emerging Societies:Frustration and Politics (Syracuse,Syracuse University Press,1964);Edward Shils,“The Intellectuals in the Political Development of the New States”,World Politics,12 (April 1960),pp. 329—368;Seymour Martin Lipset,ed.,“Student Politics,”special issue of Comparative Education Review,10 (June 1966);Donald Eugene Smith,Religion and Politics in Burma (Princeton,Princeton University Press,1965);Fredrick B. Pike,The Conflict between Church and State in Latin America (New York,Alfred A. Knopf,1964):Robert Bellah,ed.,Religion and Progress in Modern Asia (New York,Free Press,1965);Ivan Vallier,“Religious Elites in Latin America:Catholicism Leadership and Social Change,”America Latina,8 (1965),93—114。
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[6] 转引自Dankwart A. Rustow,A World of Nations (Washington. D.C.,Brookings Institution,1967),p. 170。
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[7] Richard M. Morse,“The Heritage of Latin America,”in Louis Hartz,ed.,The Founding of New Societies (New York,Harcourt,Brace and World,1964),p. 161.
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[8] 见Huntington,Changing Patterns ,pp. 32 ff。
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[9] 见Caractacus,Revolution in Iraq (London,Victor Gollancz,1959);Patrick Seale,The Struggle for Syria A Study of Post-War Arab Politics (London,Oxford University Press,1965)。
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[10] Johnson,The Military and Society in Latin America ,pp. 77—79,113—115;L. N. McAlister,“The Military,”in Johnson,ed.,Continuity and Change in Latin America (Stanford,Stanford University Press,1964),pp. 140—141.
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[11] 见Amos Perlmutter,“Ambition and Attrition:A Study of Ideology,Politics and Personality in Nasser’s Egypt”(unpublished MS),pp. 11—16;Keith Wheelock,Nasser’s New Egypt ,The Foreign Policy Research Institute Series,8(New York,Frederick Praeger,1960),pp. 12—36。
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[12] 这里和以下几页的若干处引自我的论文:“Patterns of Violence in World Politics,”in Huntington,ed.,Changing Patterns ,pp. 32—40。
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[13] John Coast,Some Aspects of Siamese Politics (New York,International Secretariat,Institute of Pacific Relations,1953),p. 5.
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[14] Alford Carleton,“The Syrian Coups d’Etat,”Middle East Journal,4 (Jan.1950),10—11.
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[15] Robert J. Alexander,The Bolivian National Revolution (New Brunswick,Rutgers University Press,1958),pp. 25—26.
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[16] George Blanksten,“Revolutions,”in Harold E. Davis,ed.,Government and Politics in Latin America (New York,Ronald Press,1958),pp. 138—139.
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[17] Edwin Lieuwen,Arms and Politics in Latin America (New York,Frederick Praeger,1960),pp. 91—92.
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[18] Charles W. Anderson,“El Salvador:The Army as Reformer,”in Martin C. Needler,ed.,Political Systems of Latin America (Princeton,D. Van Nostrand Company,1964),pp. 58—59,61.
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[19] Liisa North Civil-Military Relations in Argentina,Chile,and Peru ,Politics of Modernization Series,2(Berkeley,Institute of International Studies,University of California,1966),26—27.
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[20] Federico G. Gil,“Chile:Society in Transition,”in Needler,p,361.
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[21] North,pp. 34—35,74—77.
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[22] 见James Harrington,Oceana ,ed. S.B. Liljegren(Heidelberg,1924),p. 10。
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[23] S.M. Lipset,“University Students and Politics in Underdeveloped Countries,”Minerva,8 (Autumn 1964),20. 关于现代化之中国家高校缺乏功能自主性的例证,还可参见该文第43—44页。
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[24]New York Times ,December 4,1961,p. 10.
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[25] James L. Payne,Labor and Politics in Peru (New Hven,Yale University Press,1965),pp. 271—272. 亦可见Martin C. Needler,Political Development in Latin America:Violence,and Evolutionary Change ,Chap. 3中对“社会各界代表性动乱”的讨论。
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