1703683209
1703683210
[17]Ibid.，p.148.
1703683211
1703683212
[18]Ibid.，p.148.
1703683213
1703683214
[19]Ibid.，p.271.
1703683215
1703683216
[20]2013年第二季度，全球外汇储备总规模是11.4万亿美元，但其中占比45%的国家并未向IMF披露其外汇储备结构。
1703683217
1703683218
[21]Arthur Kroeber，“China’s Global Currency：Lever for Financial Reform”，Brookings-Tsinghua Center for Public Policy, Monograph Series, no.3，February 2013，p.56.
1703683219
1703683220
[22]United States General Accounting Office Report to Congressional Committees，“International Monetary Fund Observations on the IMF’s Financial Operations”，Washington DC, September 1999，p.34；C.Fred Bergsten，“The International Monetary Fund and the National Interests of the United States”，testimony before the Joint Economic Committee of the US Congress, Washington DC，24 February 1998，http：//www.iie.com/publications/testimony/testimony.cfm?ResearchID=307.
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1703683222
[23]Jacques Rueff, Le péché monétaire de l’occident.Paris：Plon，1971.
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1703683224
[24]Paul Taylor，“U.S.‘soft power’takes a hit over government shutdown”，Reuters，17 October 2013；“Dollar’s reserve role at risk from U.S.budget uncertainty-ECB’s Nowotny”，Reuters，12 October 2013.
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1703683226
[25]Peter Garber，“The Geopolitical Impact of Internationalization of a Large Currency”.
1703683227
1703683228
[26]Eichengreen, Exorbitant Privilege, p.134.
1703683229
1703683230
[27]US Energy Information Administration, Saudi Arabia full report 26 February 2013，http：//www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=SA.
1703683231
1703683232
[28]Benjamin J.Cohen，“The Benefits and Costs of an International Currency：Getting the Calculus Right”，Open Economies Review, vol.23，no.1，February 2012，P.16.
1703683233
1703683234
[29]Kenneth Rogoff，“World is right to worry about US debt”，Financial Times，24 January 2013.
1703683235
1703683236
[30]Adam Posen，“Why the Euro will Not Rival the Dollar”，International Finance, vol.11，no.1，Spring 2008，p.96.
1703683237
1703683238
[31]伯南克的观点也获得了其他人的认同。时任英格兰银行行长默文·金就表示，随着资金纷纷流向西方，西方金融机构也开始“超常规”追求高风险高回报。
1703683239
1703683240
[32]Benjamin J.Cohen，“The Yuan Tomorrow?Evaluating China’s Currency Internationalization Strategy”，15 July 2011，p.5，http：//www.polsci.ucsb.edu/faculty/cohen/inpress/pdfs/NPE.pdf.
1703683241
1703683242
[33]Jonathan Kirshner，“Explaining Choices about Money”，in Kirshner（ed.），Monetary Orders, p.262.
1703683243
1703683244
[34]Jeffrey A.Frankel，“Is The Dollar Losing its Role as a Reserve Currency and If So, What Does This Mean?”，July 1995，p.7，http：//www.hks.harvard.ed u/f s/jfrankel/DollarsDemise.pdf.
1703683245
1703683246
[35]John Taylor, Global Financial Warriors：The Untold Story of International Finance in the Post 9/11 World.New York：W.W.Norton＆Company，2007，pp.220-221.
1703683247
1703683248
[36]Peter Garber，“The Geopolitical Impact of Internationalization of a Large Currency”.
1703683249
1703683250
[37]Linda Goldberg，“The International Role of the Dollar：Does It Matter if This Changes?”，Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report no.522，October 2011，p.7，http：//www.newyorkfed.org/research/staff_reports/sr522.pdf.
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1703683252
[38]按麦肯锡全球研究所整理的数据，各类估测在30～200个基点之间。
1703683253
1703683254
[39]Francis E.Warnock and Veronica Cacdac Warnock，“International Capital Flows and U.S.Interest Rates”，Journal of International Money and Finance, vol.28，no.6，October 2009，pp.903-919，quoted in Cohen，2009，pp.903-919，quoted in Cohen，“The Benefits and Costs of an International Currency”，p.5.
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1703683256
[40]Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas and Hélène Rey，“From World Banker to World Venture Capitalist：U.S.External Adjustment and the Exorbitant Privilege”，in Richard H.Clarida（ed.），G7 Current Account Imbalances：Sustainability and Adjustment.Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press，2007，pp.11-55；Maurizio Michael Habib，“Excess Returns on Net Foreign Assets：The Exorbitant Privilege From a Global Perspective”，European Central Bank, Working Paper Series, no.1158，February 2010，http：//www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpwps/ecbwp1158.pdf.
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1703683258
[41]Jan Strupczewski，“What taxpayer bailouts?Euro crisis saves Germany money”，Reuters，2 May 2013.
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