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1703773381
5Robert Wiebe, The Search for Order, 1877–1920 (New York, 1967).
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1703773383
6Modern data on campaign contributions can be found at Center for ResponsivePolitics, www .opensecrets .org.
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1703773385
7On the origins of NAM and the Chamber of Commerce, see Benjamin C.Waterhouse, Lobbying America: The Politics of Business from Nixon to NAFTA (Princeton, NJ: 2014). See also Jennifer Delton, Racial Integration in CorporateAmerica, 1940–1990 (Cambridge, UK: 2009), and Cathie J. Martin, “Sectional Parties, Divided Business,” Studies in American Political Development 20
:2(October 2006): 160–84.
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1703773387
8Both cited in Walter Friedman, Fortune Tellers: The Story of America’s First Economic Forecasters (Princeton, NJ: 2014).
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1703773389
9Ellis Hawley, “Herbert Hoover, the Commerce Secretariat, and the Vision of an ‘Associative State,’ 1921–1928,” The Journal of American History 61(1),June 1974: 116–40.
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1703773391
10John Ihlder, “The Business Man’s Responsibility,” Nation’s Business, November 1925, cited in Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., The Age of Roosevelt: The Crisis of theOld Order, 1919–1933 (Boston, 1957).
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1703773393
11Beverly Gage, The Day Wall Street Exploded: A Story of America in Its First Age of Terror (Oxford, UK: 2009).
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1703773395
12Brody, Steelworkers in America. On working-class culture and labor activism in the 1920s, see Cohen, Making a New Deal.
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1703773397
13Douglas Craig, After Wilson: The Struggle for the Democratic Party, 1920–1934(Chapel Hill, NC: 1992).
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1703773399
14W. Elliott Brownlee, Federal Taxation in America: A Short History, 2nd ed.(Cambridge, UK: 2004).
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1703773401
15Lisa McGirr, The War on Alcohol: Prohibition and the Rise of the American State (New York, 2016).
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1703773403
16John Kenneth Galbraith, The Great Crash, 1929 (Boston, 1954).
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1703773405
17Charles Kindleberger, The World in Depression, 1929–1939 (Berkeley, CA
:1986).
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1703773407
18Galbraith, The Great Crash, 1929; Kindleberger, The World in Depression.
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1703773409
19New York Times, September 6, 1929; New York Times, October 16, 1929. See also Friedman, Fortune Tellers.
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1703773411
20The best narrative description of the Crash remains Galbraith, The Great Crash,1929.
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1703773413
21Jason Scott Smith, A Concise History of the New Deal (New York, 2014).
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1703773415
22Herbert Hoover, The Memoirs of Herbert Hoover: The Great Depression,1929–1941 (New York, 1952).
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1703773417
23David Kennedy, Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War, 1929–1945 (New York, 1999).
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1703773419
24William Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932–1940(New York, 1963).
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1703773421
25On Roosevelt and the New Deal, see Kennedy, Freedom from Fear; Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., The Age of Roosevelt: The Coming of the New Deal, 1933–1935 (New York, 1958);H. W. Brands, A Traitor to His Class: The Privileged Life and Radical Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt (New York, 2008).
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1703773423
26Kim McQuaid, Big Business and Presidential Power: From FDR to Reagan (NewYork, 1982).
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27A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 (1935).
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28Washington Post, June 17, 1935.
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1703773429
29See Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal.
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