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(原文刊于《经济社会体制比较》2002年第2期)
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(1)清华大学经济管理学院院长,美国伯克利加州大学经济系教授。作者感谢(以姓名拼音为序)白重恩、陈旗、姜纬、茅于轼、王则柯、吴敬琏、肖梦和许成钢对本文初稿提出的建议。
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(2)本文中所指的经济学是按照国际惯例定义的经济学学科,即国内所说的理论经济学和应用经济学这两个“一级学科”名下的全部“二级学科”,包括宏观、微观、计量、金融、财政、产业、劳动、环境、国际(世界)、发展、比较、经济史、政治经济学等。
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(3)值得指出的是,“自利”动机并不排除经济人(如父母)将他人(如子女)的福利作为本人效用的一部份所表现出的“利他”动机。
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(4)有趣的是,与当前中国政府的财政收权、税收不断提高的情况相对照,最近俄国的财税改革取得重大突破,实行了在成熟的市场经济都因政治原因无法实行的单一税率的个人所得税制。中国的财政收权是否加速了它近年来经济增长的减缓,俄国的财税改革对个人的激励是否有助于它当前的经济复苏,都有待进一步的研究。
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经济学之路 经济学与世俗智慧
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柯荣住(1)
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在经济学艰深的数学背后,它究竟想向人类提供什么?我认为的答案是世俗智慧。
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