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13 引自T. C. Martin, 1905, “Electrical Machinery, Apparatus, and Supplies,” in Census of Manufactures, 1905 (Washington, DC: United States Bureau of the Census), 170。
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14 P. A. David and G. Wright, 1999, Early Twentieth Century Productivity Growth Dynamics: An Inquiry into the Economic History of Our Ignorance (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
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15 E. Clark, 1925, “Giant Power Transforming America’s Life,” New York Times, February 22.
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16 出处同上。
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17 V. Smil, 2005, Creating the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations of 1867–1914 and Their Lasting Impact (New York: Oxford University Press), 53.
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18 Nye, 1990, Electrifying America, 232.
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19 P. A. David, 1990, “The Dynamo and the Computer: An Historical Perspective on the Modern Productivity Paradox,” American Economic Review 80 (2): 355-61.
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20 W. D. Devine Jr., 1983, “From Shafts to Wires: Historical Perspective on Electrification,” Journal of Economic History 43 (2): 347-72.
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21 H. Jerome, 1934, “Mechanization in Industry” (Working Paper 27, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA), 48.
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22 D. E. Nye, 2013, America’s Assembly Line (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), 23.
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23 F. C. Mills, 1934, introduction to “Mechanization in Industry,” by H. Jerome (Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research), xxi.
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24 Jerome, 1934, “Mechanization in Industry,” 104-5.
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25 引自J. Greenwood, A. Seshadri, and M. Yorukoglu, 2005, “Engines of Liberation,” Review of Economic Studies 72 (1): 109。
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26 Strasser, S. (1982). Never Done: A History of American Housework. (New York: Pantheon), 57.
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27 Gordon, 2016, The Rise and Fall of American Growth, 123.
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28 引自“Farm Woman Works Eleven Hours a Day”, 1920, New York Times, July 6。
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29 引自Nye, 1990, Electrifying America, 270。
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30 J. Greenwood, A. Seshadri, and M. Yorukoglu, 2005, “Engines of Liberation,” Review of Economic Studies 72 (1): 109-33.
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31 这些预测是根据印第安纳州曼西市家庭收入中位数水平得出的。（参见Gordon, 2016, The Rise and Fall of American Growth, 121。）
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32 “The Electric Home: Marvel of Science,” 1921, New York Times, April 10.
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33 S. Lebergott, 1993, Pursuing Happiness: American Consumers in the Twentieth Century (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
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34 V. A. Ramey, 2009, “Time Spent in Home Production in the Twentieth-Century United States: New Estimates from Old Data,” Journal of Economic History 69 (1): 1-47.
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35 R. S. Cowan, 1983, More Work for Mother: The Ironies of Household Technology from the Open Hearth to the Microwave (New York: Basic).
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36 “French’s Conical Washing Machine and Young Women at Service,” 1860, New York Times, August 29.
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37 “New Rules for Servants: Pittsburgh Housekeepers Insist on a Full Day’s Work,” 1921, New York Times, January 16.
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