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技术陷阱：从工业革命到AI时代，技术创新下的资本、劳动与权力 [
:1704601993]
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技术陷阱：从工业革命到AI时代，技术创新下的资本、劳动与权力 出版后记
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西方的“中产阶级”概念自出现以来，内涵经历了数次变化。最开始，它指的是欧洲封建时代末期，在传统土地贵族和农民阶层之外新兴起的工商业资产阶级，他们逐渐掌握生产资料，并取代土地贵族，成为统治阶级。后来，由于工业化大生产时代的来临，大量人口从农村来到城镇，脱离了自耕农、佃农身份，成为工厂工人，分享了经济增长的成果，步入了体面的“中产阶级”行列。而到了今天，随着人工智能时代的来临，大量工业工作岗位消失，上一个时代的“中产阶级”经历了大规模的衰落，这一时期能称得上“中产阶级”工作的岗位大多有着一个共同的特征，那就是暂时无法被技术取代，这类岗位的典型代表就是硅谷的“符号分析师”。
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中产阶级概念变迁的背后，是技术创新的不断发展推动着资本和劳动的角力。而资本和劳动的角力，又会导致政治权力的转移，进而导致社会形态的转变。因此，以中产阶级的变迁为主要线索，是研究自工业革命以来几个世纪的技术变革与社会发展之关系的一条理想进路。本书的研究就采用了这样一条进路。在作者看来，技术创新的道路上往往隐藏着“陷阱”，社会的各个阶层—特别是中产阶级—在广泛分享发展成果的时候，往往也会踏入陷阱。一方面，对国家来说，如何管控阶层剧烈变动和大规模失业的风险，是利用技术创新带动经济发展时不得不考虑的一个命题。另一方面，在技术创新速度不断加快的今天，找到自己的方向、不被进步的大潮甩在后头，对个人命运也会产生巨大的影响。
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