打字猴:1.704623866e+09
1704623866
1704623867 ［11］这个类比来自Raaj Sah and Joseph Stiglitz的研究，“The Architecture of Economic Systems: Hierarchies and Polyarchies,” American Economic Review 76, no. 4 (September 1986)。参见Franklin Allen, “Stock Markets and Resource Allocation,” in Capital Markets and Financial Intermediation, ed. Colin Mayer and Xavier Vives (Cambridge,U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1993)。
1704623868
1704623869 ［12］B. Black and R. Gilson, “Venture Capital and the Structure of Capital Markets: Banks versus Stock Markets,” Journal of Financial Economics, 47 (1998). Jrg Kukies, “Stock Markets for High-Technology Firms and Venture Capital Financing: Evidence from Europe” (University of Chicago, Ph.D. diss., 2001).
1704623870
1704623871 ［13］Kukies, “Stock Markets for High-Technology Firms and Venture Capital Financing.”
1704623872
1704623873 ［14］Paul Carroll, Big Blues: The Unmaking of IBM (New York: Crown, 1993), P. 76.
1704623874
1704623875 ［15］Kristian Rydqvist and Kenneth Hogholm, “Going Public in the 1980s: Evidence from Sweden,” European Financial Management 1, no.3 (1995): 287-315.
1704623876
1704623877 ［16］Sandra Black and Philip Strahan, “Entrepreneurship and bank Credit Availability” (MIT, March 2001, mimeo).
1704623878
1704623879 ［17］本案例的描述主要来自Richard Pascale and Thomas P. Rholen, “The Mazda Turnaround,” Journal of Japanese Studies 9, no. 2 (1983): 219-263，以及Hoshi and Kashyap (1994)。除非特别提示，所有的数据均来自他们的研究。
1704623880
1704623881 ［18］原始数据来自Penn World Tables。
1704623882
1704623883 ［19］关于关联体系和市场体系的相对优势比较，参见R. Rajan and L. Zingales, “Which Capitalism? Lessons from the East Asian Crisis,” Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 11, no. 3 (fall 1998): 40-48.
1704623884
1704623885 ［20］Vito Tanzi and Ludger Schknecht, Public Spending in the 20th Century: A Global Perspective (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
1704623886
1704623887 ［21］很早以前就出现了关于通货膨胀是一种政治现象的观点，但表达比较模糊，早期的研究参见E. M. Bernstein and I. G. Patel, “Inflation and Economic Development,” IMF Staff Papers, 1953；Lester Thurow, The Zero-Sum Society: Distribution and the Possibilities for Economic Change (New York: Basic Books, 1980)。
1704623888
1704623889 ［22］Helleiner, States and the Reemergence of Global Finance: From Breton Woods to the 1990’s, 85.
1704623890
1704623891 ［23］Barry J. Eichengreen, Globalizing Capital: A History of the International Monetary System (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996), 129.
1704623892
1704623893 ［24］U.S. government (1973), 128，cited in Helleiner, States and the Reemergence of Global Finance, 106.
1704623894
1704623895 ［25］Helleiner, States and the Reemergence of Global Finance, 114.
1704623896
1704623897 ［26］Graciela Kaminsky and Sergio Schmukler, “Short-Run Pain, Long-Run Gain: The Effects of Financial Liberalization,” working paper, World Bank, 2002.
1704623898
1704623899 ［27］Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York: Touchstone, 1999).
1704623900
1704623901 ［28］以前的批评主要来自Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation (Boston: Beacon Hill, 1994)。更新的批评者包括Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington D.C.: Institute for International Economics, 1997)。
1704623902
1704623903 ［29］有关的经典论述，参见Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation。
1704623904
1704623905 第12章
1704623906
1704623907 ［1］Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the last Man (New York: Free Press, 1992).
1704623908
1704623909 ［2］《国富论》，上册，第10章。
1704623910
1704623911 ［3］Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 1837),quoted in Charles Warren, Bankruptcy in United States History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1935), 56.
1704623912
1704623913 ［4］Ian Domowitz and Elie Tamer, “Two Hundred Years of Bankruptcy: A Tale of Legislation and Economic Fluctuations,” Institute for Policy Research at Northwestern University, working paper, 1997.
1704623914
1704623915 ［5］Erik Berglof and Howard Rosenthal, “The Political Economy of American Bankruptcy: The Evidence for Roll-Call Voting, 1800-1978” (paper presented at UCLA, Political Economy of Contractual Obligations, 1999).
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