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We informed him of their refusal to help.(我们已告诉了他说他们拒绝援助。)〔 We informed him that they (had) refused to help.〕
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英文采用名词也许是因为实字份量较重的缘故,凡喜怒哀惧爱恶欲七情,无一不用名词来表现,就是日常的动作,分明有动词的,他们不用动词,偏要用名词,如“演说”,不说 speak,而说 make a speech.“散步”不说 walk,而说 take a walk.“款待”不说 entertain,而说 give an entertainment.“抽烟”不说 smoke,而说 have a smoke.“访问”不说 visit,而说 pay a visit.诸如此类,不胜枚举。
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现分下列四项来考察:
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(1)感叹词多用名词:
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表惊奇的叹声常用 My eye!
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惊讶则用 My goodness!
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失败则用 Oh,my aching back!
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后悔则用 Shucks!
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感谢上苍时说 Bless my stars!
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愿获天佑时说 Bless my soul!
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(2)日常应酬的话多用名词:
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早上见面说 Good Morning.
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临别说 Good Luck!
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祝贺喜庆时说 Congratulations!
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悼丧用 Sympathy.
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(3)普通说话时,也常略去动词,只用名词:
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In spite of the love of the parents for their child and their fears for her safety,they both knew that their beautiful daughter was an incredibly stupid,dull little girl.(不顾父母痛爱他们的孩子,担心她的安全,他们都知道他们那个美丽的女儿是一个极其愚笨的小女孩。)
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One baby after another. Six children half frozen huddled in one bed. No fire in the stove.(小孩接连生出。六个孩子挤在一张床上,冻得半死。火炉里没有火。)
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(4)表示感情常用名词:
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Shame on you!(可耻!好羞耻!)
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Botheration!(讨厌!)
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Humbug!(骗人!你瞎说!)
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No questions!(不要多问!)
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The very sight of you makes me sick.(一见到你我就要作呕。)
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The crowd makes me self-conscious.(看见那么多的人,就使我不自在。)
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