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It appears to have been .
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解答:(1) Whom,(2) Who,(3)he.理由思索自明。
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英文疑难详解 27.代名词的 I 和 he(或 you)的排列次序
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“昨夜我和妹妹去看电影。”译作 I and my sister went to the movies last night.被改正为 My sister and I went to the movies last night.为什么不能依照长幼之序来说呢?请说明错误的理由。
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【解答】语文的表现法多由习惯(usage)来决定,很少有充分的理由的。 T. J. Fitikides 在他编的 Common Mistakes in English 八十七页上说:
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English idiom requires that when a person is speaking of himself and others,he must mention the other person or persons first and leave himself last. But in confessing a fault,the speaker mentions himself first.(英文的习惯用法,要求把自己说在别人的后面,除非是承认什么错处的时候,才先说自己。)外国人没有受过中国的教化,不懂得什么叫做长幼之序,对父母兄弟无孝悌之可言,习惯上在说话时虽对自己的妻室儿女,也要把她说在前面,不过近年来这种虚怀若谷的态度,也起了变化,根据许多英、美文人的作品看来,“第一人称+第三人称”的说法也就时有所闻了。下面就是一些实例:
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“ Play snooker together every Wednesday,me and George.”—— H. E. Bates: Thelma(我和乔治每个礼拜三都在一块玩落袋球)句中 me 是 I 的口头语,play 之前当然是省去了一个主语的 We,这个说话的 Thelma 在和乔治还不太亲密的时候,却是说 George and me 的。
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To this little circle, I,my wife,and my little two daughters made, I venture to think,a not unwelcome addition.—— E. M. Forster: The Story of a Panic(我冒昧地揣度,我们夫妇和两个小女儿加入这个小集团,并不是不受欢迎的。)
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I and Turner are taking Elsie and Ethel Rand canoeing.—— E. O’ Neill: Ah, Wilderness!(我和退纳带了艾丽西及艾塞尔·朗德去划独木舟。)
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I and Red Risk went in swimming there and I saved his life.—— Ibid(我和雷特·利斯克到那里去游泳,而他几乎淹死,是我救了他的。)
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We were always thanking him for that.—— I and the others.—— F. S. Fitzgerald: The Great Gatsby(那个我们总是感激他的——我和其余的人。)
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When she was a very tiny little kid, I and Allie used to take her to the park with us,especially on Sundays.—— J. D. Salinger: The Catcher in the Rye(当她还是一个小孩子的时候,我和阿里老是带她同我们一道去公园里玩,尤其是在礼拜天。)
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甚至“第一人称+第二人称”的例也是有的,如:
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Remember the time I and you drove into Volognes.—— J. D. Salinger: Nine Stories(你当然还记得我跟你一同驱车进入佛伦的情形吧。)
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此外我们熟悉的 Ladies and gentlemen 那句固定的口头话,居然也有颠倒的说法,而且是出自名家之笔:
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I have made it sufficiently profitable to enable its proprietors to live like the gentlemen and ladies they were now become.—— W. S. Maugham: Christmas Holiday(我曾使之充分有利可图的来促使它的经营者如现在的情形一样过着像绅士淑女一般的生活。)
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Perhaps these gentlemen and ladies will allow me to offer them a glass too.—— Ibid(也许这些先生太太们也会让我敬他们一杯酒的。)
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英文疑难详解 28.do so 和 do it 等的用法
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有人说“你可以这样做。”应译成 You can do it.不宜译作 You can do so.不知 do so 和 do it 有何区别,请就用法及含义加以说明。
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【解答】副词的 so 有时具有代名词的作用,它可以当作宾语而用在动词 say,tell,think,hope,expect,suppose,imagine,believe,fear,hear 等的后面,例如:
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I think so.(我也这样想。)
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