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The essays have been specially selected for the book.(专为那书而选定的一些文章。)
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The weather has been especially cold lately.(天气近来特别冷。)
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Dirt carries sickness,especially the kind of sickness that is catching.(污物带来疾病,尤其是那种有传染性的。)
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Conditions are especially encouraging.(情况非常令人鼓舞。)
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All contributions,especially those from school teachers,will be welcome.(所有的捐助,尤其是学校教师的捐助,特别欢迎。)
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现把这二字同时用在一个句子中,以资比较。
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Though the weather was especially unfavorable,they came specially for the meeting.(虽则天气特别不好,他们还是专诚来出席会议了。)
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He is sorry you don’t like what he has done,especially as he did it specially for you.(他很遗憾你不喜欢他所做的,尤其是他专门为你而做的。)
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英文疑难详解 51.long 与 for a long time 的分别
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英文的 long 作副词用,意为 for a long time,二者不知在用法上有何不同?又作副词用的 long 除作“长久”解外,不知还有其他什么意思?
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【解答】英文的 long,for long,a long time,for a long time 都是同样的意思,虽则单独用是副词,在介词后是名词,在名词前是形容词,不过当作一个片语来看,是都可以当作副词用的。其中 a long time,当然是 for a long time 的省略形,并非另外的一个片语。
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至于质问中所提出的用法,一般都认为可以通用,其实要分别还是有分别的。
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在问句及否定句中确实二者可以通用,但在肯定句中,则须用片语,不宜用单独的副词,例如:
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Did she stay long (或 for long 或 for a long time)?(她待得很久吗?)
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No,she didn’t stay long (或 for long 或 for a long time).(没有,她没有待好久。)
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Yes,she stayed (for)a long time.(是,她待了很久。)
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He lived in New York (for)a long time.(他在纽约住了很久。)
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在句当中说: She has long been ill.(她病了很久。)当然是可以的;不过用在句尾就不大好。
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至于意义上的不同,只有在 how 的后面才可表现出来:
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How long did you live there?意为 for how many years did you live there?(你住在那儿有多少年?)
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How long have you been ill?意为 Since when have you been ill?(你从何时开始生病的?)
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How long are you going to stay here?意为 Till when are you going to stay here?(你预备在这儿住到什么时候为止?)
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又 long 作副词或形容词用时有 long before,及作名词用时有 before long,二者意义不同,用法亦异,兹举例说明如下:
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