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英文疑难详解 70.接电话的说法
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“昨晚我接到了他的电话。”译为: I received a telephone from him last night.为什么不可以呢?
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【解答】这句英文,仍然和上项的情形一样,在句子本身并不为错,只是译得不恰当罢了。我们说收到他的信,可译成:receive a letter from him 或 hear from him,所收到的确有一封信,电话只是收到几句话,如果说:receive a telephone 便是收到一架电话机,不是对方打来的电话。所以质问中所举出的那句话,应英译为:
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I had (或 received)a phone call from him last night.也可以改变主语而成:
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He called me up last night.
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He telephoned (to)me last night.
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又关于打电话的英文表现法,还有下面种种:
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我将用电话通知他。
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I’ll tell him by telephone.
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他们在电话中交谈。
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They talked over the telephone.
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你有电话。
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You’re wanted on the phone.或 A phone for you.
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英文疑难详解 71.不可以说 The school has many students
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“这学校有三千个学生。”我英译为: The school has three thousand students.英国人说不通,把它叫作 Chinese English,又说 It is not English to say so.但他们为什么又能说 A week has seven days.呢?
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【解答】中文的“有”字,英文有许多译法,have 只是其中的一个译法,此外还有 there+be,contain,hold,possess,own,comprise,consist,keep 等等。问题中提出的句子,错在 have 一字,这时的“有”,不可译作 have,而应译作 there are 才对,全句应作:
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There are three thousand students in the school.
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为什么能说 a week has,又不能说 the school has 呢?这问题不是一言两语可以解答的,我们应该先把 have 一字的用法弄明白才行。作“有”解的 have 有下列三义:
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(1)物质上的所有:
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I have a very good library.(我有一个很好的图书室。)
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He hadn’t any money.(他没有钱。)
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I have a large family.(我有一个大家庭。)
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He has a lot of friends.(他有许多朋友。)
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