打字猴:1.704790865e+09
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1704790866 (2) If I should fail, I would try again.
1704790867
1704790868 (3) If he should come,please give this to him.
1704790869
1704790870 假设过去( Subjunctive Past):条件句用 were 或其他的过去动词;归结句接(1)should (或 would 等)be,(2)should (或 would 等)have been.例如:
1704790871
1704790872 (1) If I were a bird, I would fly to you.又 If I tried, I could do it.又 If I did not obey him, I might be punished.
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1704790874 (2) If we lived in those days, I should have been a knight.—— Meredith
1704790875
1704790876 假设过去完成( Subjunctive Past Perfect):条件句用 had been,归结句接(1)should (或 would 等)have been,(2)should (或 would 等)be.例如:
1704790877
1704790878 (1) If he had been young,he would have gone.又 If I had drunk it, I should have died.又 If I had not obeyed him, I might have been punished.
1704790879
1704790880 (2) If he had worked hard in his youth,he would be a rich man now.(cf. If he had worked hard in his youth,he would have made a fortune.)
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1704790885 英文疑难详解 [:1704787070]
1704790886 英文疑难详解 81.假设语气的时态和实际时间的比较
1704790887
1704790888 假设语气也分现在、过去、未来种种时态,但和我们实际时间上的现在、过去、未来并不一致,常使初学者感到混乱。请就假设语气的时态与实际的时间作一比较,详细加以说明。
1704790889
1704790890 【解答】英文动词时态的现在、过去、未来的用法,和实际的时间是大致相符合的,但英文中有一种特别的时态是中文所没有的,那就是完成时态( Perfect Tense)。完成时态中又分现在、过去、未来三种,现在完成时态是表示从过去到现在为止的一段时期;过去完成时态则是表示过去的过去,如讲故事的人都是用过去时态来讲述当时发生的事情的,如果说到那以前发生的事情就须用过去完成时态。至于未来完成时态,则是用于说到了未来某个时候就可以完成的事。
1704790891
1704790892 英文的假设语气,原有两大作用:一为用来表达不确实的事情( Uncertainty),乃至怀疑的事情( Doubt),另一为用来表达想像的事情( Supposition)。
1704790893
1704790894 说实际时候的现在,可用假设现在( Subjunctive Present)来表示怀疑或不确实的事情。例如:
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1704790896 If a man once fall,all will tread upon him.(落井下石。)
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1704790898 If your desires be endless,your cares will be so,too.(欲望无穷,忧亦无穷。)
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1704790900 又可用假设过去( Subjunctive Past)来表想像的事情,例如:
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1704790902 If I were a bird, I would fly to you.(我要是一只鸟我就飞到你跟前来了。)
1704790903
1704790904 I would to Heaven I had your potency.—— Shakespeare(我希望我要有你那样的能力就好了。)
1704790905
1704790906 说实际时候的过去,可用假设现在完成( Subjunctive Present Perfect)或假设未来完成( Subjunctive Future Perfect),以表怀疑或不确实的事情,例如:
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1704790908 If you have done with the book,please return it to me.(那本书看完了,请还给我。)
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1704790910 If he should have finished his work,tell him to come at once.(他的工作如果做完了的话,你要他马上来。)
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1704790912 又可用假设过去完成( Subjunctive Past Perfect)来表想像的事情,例如:
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1704790914 If you had come ten minutes later, I should have been out.(你要迟来十分钟,我就出去了。)
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