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How many children do you have?(美)
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但是“have”如不作“所有”解时,在英国的英文中也是要加“do”来发问的,如:
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Do you have (=take)lunch out every day?(你每天都在外面吃午饭吗?)
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至于 have to 与 do——have to 两种说法,美国也是并行不悖,随便怎样说都可以的,但在英国仍然有些分别,据 Hornby 说这句表示“必须”的“have to”,有“特殊的”与“习惯的”两种用法,如指极近的未来(immediate future)或过去的未来(future-in-the past)当中的活动,便是特殊用法,如:
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Have you to go to the dentist’s this morning?(你今天上午要去看牙齿吗?)
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如系指经常的或习惯的活动,就说:
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Do you often have to go to the dentist’s?(你经常要去看牙齿吗?)
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在以上两种情形不一定要正式的疑问句才行,请参看下例:
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You haven’t to go to school today,have you?(特殊)
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You don’t have to go to school on Sundays,do you?(习惯)
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在口语中常将 have got to 代替 have to 用:
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What have you got to eat?(特殊)
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What do you have to eat?(习惯)
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He hasn’t got to work.(特殊)
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He doesn’t have to work.(习惯)
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在会话时,尤其是在美国,常将 have 省去,只说 got,如: I got to (=must)write a letter.
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又“have to”的过去有下列各种表现:
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had to(肯定)
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did you have to
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had you to
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had you got to
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(疑问)
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didn’t have to
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had not to
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(否定)
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