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1704792185 英文疑难详解 [:1704787095]
1704792186 英文疑难详解 104.“be+不定词”的用法
1704792187
1704792188 “我将要去。”一语,可译作 I shall go.或 I am going.或 I am to go.等形式,不知有何分别?尤其是“be+不定词”的用法,请详为说明。
1704792189
1704792190 【解答】表示未来时态的,说 I shall go.是基本的形式,但现在美国几乎是用 I am going 来代替 shall 以表未来了,如果要说“去”时,他们便说 I am going to go.可见 going 一字已失去了“去”的意义,而只是表示未来罢了。至于“be+不定词”是不定词的叙述用法,好像形容词一样。英文的这种表现法,有种种不同的意味,分别举例说明如下:
1704792191
1704792192 (1)表预定:
1704792193
1704792194 We are to go to town this afternoon.(我们打算今天下午上街去。)
1704792195
1704792196 He is to arrive at seven in the morning.(他预定早晨七时抵埠。)
1704792197
1704792198 The meeting is to be held on Sunday.(定了礼拜天开会。)
1704792199
1704792200 We are to meet again on Sunday evening.(我们礼拜天晚上再见。)
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1704792202 (2)表可能:
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1704792204 Not a sound was to be heard.(一点声音都未听到。)
1704792205
1704792206 In the sky not a cloud was to be seen.(青天无片云。)
1704792207
1704792208 Every misfortune is to be subdued by patience.(一切不幸都可由忍耐克服。)
1704792209
1704792210 Her feelings as she read the letter were scarcely to be defined.(她看信时的心情不可名状。)
1704792211
1704792212 The twins are to be distinguished by their voices.(双生子可以由他们的声音辨别出来。)
1704792213
1704792214 “ I am all astonishment. How long has she been such a favourite?——and pray,when am I to wish you joy?”—— Jane Austen(“我真个吓倒了。她被你看中有多久了?请你告诉我,什么时候我可以庆贺你们的订婚呢?”)
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1704792216 (3)表义务:
1704792217
1704792218 You are to post this letter at once.(你马上去把这封信发了。)
1704792219
1704792220 She asked him what she was to do.(她问他看她要做点什么。)
1704792221
1704792222 Let me know everything that I am to know without delay.(我需要知道的事赶快都告诉我吧。)
1704792223
1704792224 You are to come with me.(你须和我同去。)
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1704792226 You are to stay here till I come back.(你得待在此地等我回来。)
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1704792228 (4)表假设:
1704792229
1704792230 If he were to come,say that I am absent.(万一他来了,只说我不在家。)
1704792231
1704792232 Certain skills must be learned if one is to use English effectively.(如果想要有效地使用英语,某些技巧是必须学得的。)
1704792233
1704792234 If it is to be done at all,do it well.(如果一定要做的话,就好好地做吧。)
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